Outcome 5 - Nervous System Flashcards
What are the 3 primary functions of the nervous system?
1) sensory
2) integrative
3) motor
What is the integrative function?
It is the procession, analyzing and decision part of the nervous system
Sensory neurons can also be called _______.
afferent
Motor neurone can also be called ________.
efferent
What are the 2 main divisions that make up the nervous system?
1) CNS
2) PNS
The PNS division will divide into 2 different additional divisions. What are they?
1) Autonomic
2) Somatic
What branch is called the “brain of your gut”?
Enteric
Which PNS division is involuntary? Voluntary?
Involuntary - Autonomic
Voluntary - Somatic
What are the three branches of the autonomic division of the nervous system?
1) Sympathetic
2) Parasympathetic
3) Enteric
Which division of the autonomic nervous system is activated during stress?
Sympathetic
Which division of the autonomic nervous system is activated to “stop and digest”?
Parasympathetic
Which type of muscles do motor neurons of the somatic system conduct impulses to?
Skeletal
What are the 2 principle cells of the nervous system?
Neurons and neuroglia
What characteristic does a neuron share with a muscle cell?
excitability/able to respond to stimulus
What are the four types of neuroglia found in the CNS?
1) astrocytes
2) oligodendrocytes
3) microglia
4) ependymal
What are the 2 types of neuroglia found in the PNS?
1) Schwann cells
2) satellite cells
What is the astrocyte responsible for?
- most abundant
- wrap processes around capillaries, neurons and Pia matter; structural support
- responsible for maintaining chemical balance in environment (mainly brain blood barrier)
- regulate environment for APs
What is the ependymal cells responsible for?
- type of epithelial cell
- lines the central canal is where the spinal cord is situated and ventricles of the brain
- responsible for the CSF blood barrier; produces CSF
What is the name of the structural feature where the cell body and axon meet?
Axon hillock
Which portion of the neuron is the receiver or “input”?
Dendrites
What type of neuron is found mostly in the brain and spinal cord?
Multipolar
A bundle of axons located in the CNS is called a _____.
tract
A bundle of axons located in the PNS is called a _______.
nerve
Why is white matter white?
Myelinated axons