Otitis Flashcards

1
Q

Principal etiología de OMA y agentes

A

Viral
1- VSR
2- Parainfluenza
3- Influenza

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2
Q

Principales bacterias causantes de OMA

A

1-S. pneumoniae
2- H. influenzae
3- M. catarrahalis

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3
Q

Mejor método diagnóstico en OMA

A

Clínico

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4
Q

?En qué pacientes se realiza timpanocentesis?

A
  • Mastoiditis
  • OMA recurrente (2 en 2-6 meses)
  • OMA refractario (> 2 antibioticos)
  • Disminución de agudeza auditiva
  • Derrame >6 meses
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5
Q

Tx de 1ra, 2da y 3ra elección en OMA bacteriana

A

1-Amoxicilina
2-Amoxicilina+Ac.clavulanico (si falla en 72 hrs)
3-Ceftriaxona, clindamicina o timpanocentesis (si falla en 72 hrs)

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6
Q

Tx en alergia a Amoxicilina

A

1-Claritromicina

2-Azitromicina, clindamicina

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7
Q

Clínica de una otitis externa

A
  • Otalgia con irradiacion temporomandibular y craneofacial
  • Otorrea
  • Prurito ótico
  • Plenitud otica
  • Trago y pabellón hipersensible
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8
Q

Tx de elección en otitis externa

A

1- Neomicina + polimixina B + Fluocinolona (Gotas) 5 c/ 8 hrs por 7 días + analgesia sistémica

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9
Q

Principal agentes involucrados en otitis externa

A
  • S. epidermidis (45%)
  • Pseudomona spp
  • S. aureus
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10
Q

Principales factores de riesgo para otitis externa

A
  • Natación
  • Dispositivos auditivos
  • Mala higiene
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11
Q

Principales agentes involucrados en otitis externa maligna

A
  • Pseudomona aeruginosa(95%)

- Aspergillus

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12
Q

Factores de riesgo para otitis externa maligna

A
  • DM
  • Inmunosupresión
  • Geriátricos
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13
Q

Como se establece el diagnóstico de otitis externa maligna

A

Clínica sugestiva + cultivo positivo + TAC o RM

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14
Q

Tx de elección para otitis maligna externa

A

-Antibióticos parenterales antipseudomona (-ceftazidima, cefepime, pipe-tazo, imipenem, meropenem)

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