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Other Systems Flashcards

1
Q

metabolic syndrome waist circumference

A

> 40 in M
35 in F

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2
Q

metabolic syndrome triglycerides

A

150 or higher

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3
Q

metabolic syndrome HDL

A

<40 M
< 50 F

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4
Q

metabolic syndrome BP

A

systolic 130 and/or diastolic 85

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5
Q

metabolic syndrome fasting plasma glucose

A

> 100 mg/dL

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6
Q

adrenal cortex

A

cortisol, aldosteron

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7
Q

thyroid

A

T3+ T4

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8
Q

ovaries and testes

A

estrogen, progesterone, testosterone

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9
Q

prolactin

A

milk production in breasts

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10
Q

ADH/vasopression

A

regulates water and mineral balance

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11
Q

oxytocin

A

stimulates uterine contraction during birth

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12
Q

Addison’s

A

decreased BP
dehydration
hyperkalemia
decreased glucose
bronze skin
weight loss/anorexia
generalized weakness
intolerance to cold
anxiety and depression

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13
Q

Cushing’s

A

increased BP
water retention
hypokalemia
increased glucose
ruddy appearance/striae
weight gain/moon face
proximal weakness/atrophy
osteoporosis
buffalo hump

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14
Q

Cushing’s DISEASE

A

pituitary gland

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15
Q

Cushing’s SYNDROME

A

adrenal gland

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16
Q

hyperthyroidism

A

incr. T3/4, low TSH
increased HR
high BMR
heat intolerance
diarrhea
weight loss/ incr. appetite
increased perspiration
hyperreflexia
exopthalmos

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17
Q

hypothyroidisim

A

decr. T3/4, high TSH
decreased HR
low BMR
cold intolerance
sleepiness/tiredness
constipation
brittle nails/ dry skin
weight gain/ decr. appetite
decreased perspiration
prolonged DTR
Hashimoto’s

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18
Q

hyperparathyroidism

A

ELEVATED CALCIUM
DECREASED PHOSPHATE

osteopenia, gout, kidney stones, renal insufficicency, peptic ulcers, fatigue, confusion

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19
Q

hypoparathyroidisim

A

LOW CALCIUM
HIGH PHOSPHATE

convulsions, cardiac arrhythmias, muscle twithcing, tetany, muscle cramps/spasms, paresthesias

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20
Q

fasting BG for DM diagnosis

A

> 126

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21
Q

random BG for DM diagnosis

A

> 200

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22
Q

hypoglycemia

A

<70
excessvie hunger
sweating/pallor, shakiness

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23
Q

hyperglycemia

A

> 300
excessive thirst
weakness/dry mouth

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24
Q

safe BG to exercise

A

101-250

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25
Q

stress incontinence

A

involuntary leakage during exertion

26
Q

urge incontinence

A

involuntary contraction with urgency

27
Q

overflow incontinecne

A

acontractile or underactive detrusor muscle, leakage

28
Q

functional incontinence

A

can’t make it to the bathroom in time

29
Q

stress incontinence Tx

A

strengthen pelvic floor muscles

30
Q

urge incontinence Tx

A

treat infections, voiding schedule

31
Q

functional incontinence Tx

A

clear clutter, improve accessibility, prompted voiding

32
Q

overflow incontience Tx

A

behavioral modifications; double voiding, medication, catheterization

33
Q

pregnancy BP

A

low in first and second tri
increases in third tri

34
Q

pregnancy position

A

left-sidelying preferred
no supine after 1st tri

35
Q

pregnancy HR

A

increases by 10-20 bpm

36
Q

preeclampsia

A

increase in protein in urine, hyperreflexia, edema, HA, sudden weight gain, BP > 140/90

37
Q

mid-back/scapula

A

esophagus, gallbladder, stomach, pancreas

38
Q

left shoulder

A

heart, diaphragm, spleen, tail of pancreas

39
Q

right shoulder

A

gallbladder, liver, head of pancreas

40
Q

pelvis/LB/sacrum

A

colon, appendix, pelvic viscera

41
Q

peptic ulcers referral

42
Q

gallbladder pathology referral

43
Q

head of pancreas referral

44
Q

appendix referral

45
Q

Crohn’s disease referral

46
Q

diverticulitis referral

47
Q

ulcerative colitis referral

48
Q

IBS referral

49
Q

tail of pancreas referral

50
Q

spleen pathology referral

51
Q

hiatal hernia referral

A

shoulder pain

52
Q

femoral hernia referral

A

lateral pelvic wall and groin pain

53
Q

inguinal hernia

A

groin pain

54
Q

cholecystitis special test

A

Murphy’s sign

55
Q

gastric ulcers

A

pain increases with presence of food

56
Q

duodenal ulcers

A

caused by H. pylori infection, pain increases with absence of food

57
Q

peptic ulcer disease

A

coffee ground emesis and melena (dark) tarry stools

58
Q

chron’s disease

A

pain decreased by passing gas, reactive arthritis

59
Q

ulcerative colitis

A

bloody diarrhea with mucus and pus

60
Q

liver involvement

A

light colored stools
dark colored urine
palmar erythema
easy bruising
asterixis (hand tremor)

NPTE (23 decks)

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