Neuro- Exam Flashcards
GCS severe
1-8
GCS moderate
9-12
GCS minor
13-15
MMSE mild
21-24
MMSE moderate
16-20
MMSE severe
<15
verbal apraxia
impairment of volitional articulatory control secondary to cortical, dominant hemisphere lesion
dysarthria
impairment of speech production due to damage to the central or peripheral nervous system
conduction/ association aphasia
causes word finding issues and problems with repeating phrases, result of damage to the arcuate fasciculus
exams for meningeal irritation/brain infection
Kernig’s sign
Brudzinski’s sign
ideomotor apraxia
patient cannot perform the task on command but can do the task when left on own
ideational apraxia
patient cannot perform the task at all, either on command or on own
apraxia damage location
prelateral frontal cortex and somatosensory association cortex
decerebrate rigidity
rigid extension in all 4 limbs
decorticate rigidity
upper limbs in flexion and lower limbs in extension
opsithotonos
head, back, and heels are arched backwards, arms and hands in rigid flexion
(seen in severe meningitis, tetanus, epilepsy)
BG dysfunction; tics
spasmodic contractions of specific muscles, commonly face, head, neck, shoulders
BG dysfunction; chorea
quick twitches or “dancing” movements
BG dysfunction; athetosis
slow, irregular, twisting, sinuous movements; occuring in UE
BG dysfunction; tremor
continuous quivering movements
BG dysfunction; myoclonus
single, quick jerk
cerebellar disorders
intention tremor occuring when voluntary movement is attempted
cortical disorders
epileptic seizures, tonic/clonic convulsive movements
