OTHER 'EVIDENCE'

Question 1

Absolute date

Answer 1

actual age of a fossil/artefact
in years

Question 2

Accelerator mass spectrometry

Answer 2

AMS
technique used to give radiocarbon dates for very small material samples

Question 3

Artefact

Answer 3

object made/modified by humans

Question 4

Carbon-14

Answer 4

radioactive isotope of carbon

Question 5

Correlation of rock strata

Answer 5

process of matching rock strata from different places

Question 6

Dating

Answer 6

determining age of excavated artefacts/fossils

Question 7

Phylogenetic tree

Answer 7

AKA dendrogram
diagram showing evolutionary relationships between related organisms

Question 8

Embryology

Answer 8

study of early development of organisms
humans- from fertilisation to end of 8th week of pregnancy

Question 9

Fossil

Answer 9

evidence/remains of an organism that lived long ago

Question 10

Half-life

Answer 10

time required for half of any quantity of radioactive material to decay into stable, non-radioactive material

Question 11

Homologous structure

Answer 11

structures with similar structure but not necessarily similar function

Question 12

Index fossil

Answer 12

fossils/organisms that were on earth for only short period of time
useful in relative dating of rock strata

Question 13

Isotope

Answer 13

1 of 2+ atoms of same element
same atomic no. + no. protons
dif. number of neurons

Question 14

Nictitating membrane

Answer 14

transparent fold of skin (3rd eyelid)
protects eye of birds/reptiles
humans- occurs as vestigial organ in corner of eye

Question 15

Organic compound

Answer 15

compound made up of large molecules that contain carbon

Question 16

Potassium-argon dating

Answer 16

method of calc. age of fossil/artefact using known rate of decay of radioactive potassium

Question 17

Principle of superstition

Answer 17

in vertical sequence
principle that sedimentary rock layers on top will be younger than those lower down

Question 18

Radiocarbon dating

Answer 18

calc. of age of fossil/artefact using known rate of decay of radioactive carbon

Question 19

Relative date

Answer 19

age of fossil/artefact relative to another fossil/artefact

Question 20

Stratigraphy

Answer 20

study of sequence of rock layers as means of relative dating

Question 21

Vestigial structure

Answer 21

structure of reduced size
appears to have no function

eg: humans- ear muscles