BIOTECHNOLOGY

Question 1

Annotation

Answer 1

identification of genes in a DNA sequence

Question 2

Bioinformatics

Answer 2

use of computers to describe molecular components of living things

Question 3

Comparative genomics

Answer 3

comparison of genome sequences of dif. species

Question 4

Dideoxyribonucleotide

Answer 4

modified deoxyribonucleotide that lacks a hydroxyl group of the sugar component

Question 5

Cytochrome C

Answer 5

iron-containing protein that can alternate between a reduced form + oxidised form
important in electron transport system in cellular respiration

Question 6

DNA fingerprint

Answer 6

AKA DNA profile
technique that uses banding patterns of DNA fragments as a mean of identification
unique to individual

Question 7

DNA sequencing

Answer 7

determination of precise order of nucleotides in a DNA sample

Question 8

Endogenous retrovirus

Answer 8

ERV
a retrovirus that has become part of an organism’s genome + exists in every cell of body

Question 9

Gel electrophoresis

Answer 9

process used to separate charged molecules based on their size by pushing them through gel

Question 10

Genome

Answer 10

complete set of genetic material in a cell
organism’s complete set of DNA

Question 11

Micropipette

Answer 11

fine pipette used to measure + transfer very small volumes of liquid

Question 12

Mitochondria

Answer 12

structures in cytoplasm of a cell
aerobic stage of respiration occurs within

Question 13

mtDNA

Answer 13

Mitochondrial DNA
DNA found in mitochondria of cells rather than nucleus

Question 14

Polymerase chain reaction

Answer 14

PCR
technique used in molec. biology for producing multiple copies of DNA from a sample
used in DNA fingerprinting + identifying diseases

Question 15

Primer

Answer 15

strand of DNA/RNA
serves as starting point for DNA replication

Question 16

Restriction enzyme

Answer 16

enzyme cuts strands of DNA at a specific sequence of nuceotides

Question 17

Reverse transcription

Answer 17

process where base sequence in RNA copied during DNA synthesis

Question 18

Thermocycling

Answer 18

repeatedly heating + cooling

Question 19

Ubiquitous protein

Answer 19

one of group of proteins that appears to be in all species
protein- uniquitin, as it is present in all types of cells

Question 20

Well

Answer 20

indentation in gel used for gel electophoresis

Question 21

Biotechnology