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Other Flashcards

1
Q

Define health

A

A complete state of mental physical and social well-being, not simply the absence of disease or infirmity

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2
Q

Define fitness

A

The ability to meet the demands of your environment or lifestyle

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3
Q

What qualities must a coach/manager have?

A

Good organisational skills- run teams and arrange fixtures
Good communication skills- so people understand what they have to do
Good knowledge of the activity- to plan training sessions appropriate to the activity

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4
Q

What qualities must an official have?

A

Good fitness- to keep up with play
Good communication skills- so people understand decisions
Good levels of confidence- so people are less likely to argue
Good knowledge of activity- to make the correct decisions

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5
Q

What qualities must a performer have?

A

Good fitness- to meet the demands of the activity
Good ability- to perform well
Good motivation- to preserve and work hard even if losing

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6
Q

What are the 4 stages of the sports participation pyramid?

A

Foundation
Participation
Performance
Elite

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7
Q

How do you remember the 4 stages of the sports participation pyramid?

A

Feel Positive about Physical Education

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8
Q

What are the three somatotypes

A

Endomorph
Mesomorph
Ectomorph

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9
Q

Describe an endomorph

A

Pear round shaped body
Wide hips, narrow shoulders
Small limbs and lots of fat

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10
Q

Example of an endomorph

A

Sumowrestler

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11
Q

Describe a mesomorph

A

High proportion of muscle

Broad shoulders and narrow hips

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12
Q

Give an example of a mesomorph

A

Sprinter, football player

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13
Q

Describe an ectomorph

A

Lean, fragile, delicate body
Narrow shoulders and hips
Tall and thin, with little fat or muscle

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14
Q

Example of an ectomorph

A

High jumper

Long distance runner

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15
Q

What is disability

A

Can either be physical, mental, temporary or permanent and can have an effect on participation and performance in a physical activity

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16
Q

What are the four functions of blood

A

Transportation
Temperature regulation
Clotting
Fighting infection

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17
Q

How does the blood transport

A

Transportation of oxygen and removal of waste (haemoglobin transports oxygen and CO2 and glucose

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18
Q

What is diffusion

A

Movement of gas from an area of high pressure/concentration to an area of low pressure/concentration
Takes place in the alveoli and capillaries

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19
Q

What is vasodilation

A

Causes an increase in the diameter of blood vessels and decreased resistance to the flow of blood. Blood flows close to the skin surface and is radiated out

20
Q

What is vasoconstriction

A

Causes a decrease in the diameter of blood vessels. A contraction of the involuntary muscles in the vessel wall are responsible for this. Blood flows closer to the core and keeps heat in

21
Q

What is aggression?

A

Acting with intent to injure someone

22
Q

How can aggression be used to improve performance?

A

A harder punch in boxing, to knockout the opponent

23
Q

How do muscles and bones work together to produce movement

A

Muscles are attached to bones via tendons
The origin is attached to the stationary bone/ insertion is attached to the moving bone
Muscles are arranged in pairs
Agonist contracts and antagonist relaxes
Movement only occurs at a joint, where 2 bones meet

24
Q

What are the competition types?

A 
Knock out
League 
Ladder
Combination 
Round robin
25
Q

Advantages of knock out

A 
Quick and easy to organise 
High numbers 
High excitement levels 
Standard of competition is high 
Individual or teams
26
Q

Advantages of league?

A

Large entry
Everyone has the same number of matches
Not eliminated straight away
Best team wins

27
Q

Advantages of ladder

A

Competitors compete against similar ability

Simple to operate and administer

28
Q

Advantages of combination

A

As many games as you like

Teams get more than one chance to qualify

29
Q

Advantages of round robin

A

Everyone plays each other
Quick and easy to administer
If you lose a game, not out straight away

30
Q

What is sport England?

A

A government agency that provides funding and facilities

31
Q

What do arteries do?

A

Take blood away from the heart

32
Q

Structural features of arteries

A

They are more muscular than veins
They have to deal with the highest blood pressure
Don’t have valves

33
Q

What do capillaries do

A

It is where the blood needs to go. It enables diffusion to take place

34
Q

Structural features of capillaries

A

Blood flows slowly
Very low pressure
Allows the muscles to take oxygen and get rid of waste

35
Q

What do veins do

A

Transports blood towards the heart

36
Q

Structural features of veins

A

Large cross-section area
Lower pressure of blood so a thinner wall
Have valves to prevent back flow

37
Q

Describe the double pump function in the heart

A

Blood enters the right atrium
Right Atrium pumps blood into the right ventricle
Right ventricle pumps through the pulmonary artery to the lungs
From the lungs the blood returns to the left atrium
The left atrium pumps blood into the left ventricle
Left ventricle pumps the blood into the aorta to the body

38
Q

What are long-term responses to exercise

A 
Increased stroke volume
Lower resting heart rate 
Lower blood pressure 
Quicker recovery time
Reduced risk of heart attacks
39
Q

What is stroke volume?

A

Volume of blood pumped out of the heart in one contraction

40
Q

What causes tension

A

Due to fear there is an overproduction of adrenaline which causes nausea

41
Q

What causes anxiety?

A

From worrying about an event, it is a fear of underperforming and is a negative emotional feeling caused by increased arousal levels

42
Q

What is motivation

A

The drive to succeed and desire to achieve something

43
Q

What is intimidation

A

Acting in a way that makes an opponent feel threatened

44
Q

What is stress

A

Bodies reaction to a change that requires physical mental or emotional adjustment

45
Q

What is fatigue, and how is it caused?

A

A feeling of extreme tiredness and physical exhaustion

It is a build of lactic acid in the muscle tissues

46
Q

Advantages of hosting Olympics

A

Profit
Raise profile and reputation of country
Improved transport and facilities
Home advantage

47
Q

Disadvantages of hosting the olympics

A

Terrorism
High costs
White elephants
Pressure on home nation

Pe (15 decks)

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