Otc Flashcards
Referral points for constipation
Refer if patient has been constipated for more than 14 days or more than seven days for children
Terry red, black, bloody stools, constipation, accompanied by wait an appetite loss, constipation with me again without a cause of dry skin constipation in over 50 years old with a new me abdominal pain and weight loss
Moa of bulk forming laxatives
Swell up in the gut to increase faecal mass and so peristalsis is stimulated and encourage proliferation of colonic bacteria
How long does bulk forming laxatives take to reach full effect?
2 to 3 days side-effects, flatulence, abdominal pain, safe in pregnancy and breastfeeding
Fybogel age
Over 6 years of age
Counselling advice for bulk forming laxatives
Must drink plenty of water when taking bulk forming laxative not to take before bed due to risk of oesophageal and intestinal obstruction
Moa of osmotic
Retain fluids in the bowl by osmosis
How long does it take for osmotic to work?
2-3 days to work
Safe in pregnancy and breastfeeding flatulence abdominal pain collic
Moa of stimulant laxatives
Increase motility by stimulating peristalsis
How long does it take for a stimulant laxative to work?
Effect can be achieved within 6 to 12 hours or within an hour, if applied as a suppository side-effects, abdominal pain, hyperkalaemia, avoiding pregnancy and breastfeeding
Moa of stool softeners
Decrease surface tension and increase penetration of intestinal fluids. Takes up an hour to work on a plan as a suppository.
Docusate and glycerol
Have a stimulant and stool softener properties
Biscadoyl
Counselling
Should not be taken with antacids and milk at the same time as the Internet courting can be broken down, cotton dyspepsia and gastric irritation
Referral points for diarrhoea
Babies under 12 months, if a child stops breast or bottlefeeding if a child under 5+70, her dehydration such as for your wet nappies, if the child is over five years old, but still showing signs of dehydration after you think I will rehydration sachets if diary process for more than seven days bloody diarrhoea, unable to drink fluids. Change in bowel habits in 50 years and above with concurrent weight loss.
Age for loperamide
12 years
Dose for loperamide
Two tablets initially, and then one tablet to be taken after each loose stool maximum 16 mg a day eight tablets, not suitable for pregnancy and breastfeeding
Bismuth salicylate age
> 16 years of age
Bismuth in P & breastfeeding
No
Interaction between pepto bismol
Quinolone antibiotic leave a two hour gap
Dose for pepto bismol
30ml or two tablets every 30 to 6 minutes when needed maximum eight tablets a day
Bismuth sub salicylate cancelling
Can result in salsalate absorption should be avoided by individuals hypersensitive to aspirin
Difference between heartburn and indigestion
Heartburn is burning pain and discomfort in the stomach all the way up to the oesophagus. Indigestion refers more to the pain from the chest to the upper abdominal and lower abdominal symptoms.
Referral for heartburn and indigestion
Anaemia, loss of weight anorexia and pain radiates to the back and the arms difficulty swallowing drugs which causes heartburn new or recently change symptoms in over 55 years of age, 4 weeks jaundice, severe liver, liver, disease and children
Antacids age
> 12 years old
Alignates age
> 12 years of old
Gaviscon >6 years old
H2 antagonists counselling
Can we recommended for short-term 14 days only license +16 years old can be used in pregnancy and breastfeeding

PPI counselling
14 days only license for 18 years old and above can mask symptoms of gastric cancer over 55 years of range. NHRA running very low risk of subacute lupus
, erythematous 
Mebeverine age
18 +
Orlistat counselling
18 years over and over with a BMI of 28 kg or more should be taken in conjunction with a low-fat Miley hypercaloric diet
Referral for orlistat
Diabetes not recommended for Accra boss American only required dose. Adjustment antiepileptic risk of convulsions people with chronic malabsorption syndrome, colour status, Conqueror treatment with ciclosporin or warfarin, pregnant or breastfeeding, a rectal bleeding while taking Orlistat
Counselling for Orlistat
Treatment should not exceed six months, if patient has not been able to lose weight after 12 weeks of treatment
Dose for Orlistat
One capsule, three times a day taken with water immediately before or during up to 1 hour after each main meal. If the meal contains no fat in the dose should be omitted.
Interactions with Orlistat
May reduce availability of oral contraceptives, ADEK, fat, soluble, vitamins, . patient should be referred with amirodone, oral anticoagulant, acrabose , antiepileptic, ciclosporin levothyroxine.
Referral for haemorrhoids
unresponsive to 1 week of otc treatment symptoms longer than three weeks
Anusol hc age
> 18 not to be is longer than a week’s duration for a maximum four times a day
Astringents age
> 12
Referral for mouth ulcers
No signs of healing for more than 14 days to 3 weeks if also more than 1 cm in diameter, persistent recurrent diarrhoea weight loss is present painless ulcers
Hydrocortisone buccal tablets age
> 12
Bonjella-O, Junior, age
Five months to 16 years old
How long can anebesol and teething gel be used for
Seven days
referral points for oral thrush .
Diabetic patient does not result in more than three weeks immunocompromised patients children under four months of old painless lesions in those above 50 years, old or patches that cannot be wiped off difficulty open when swallowing
Daktarin gel age
License for four months, old and above
how long should you continue treatment for Daktarin jel?
Should continue treatment for up to 1 week after symptoms have disappeared
Referral for cough
Costing more than 2 to 3 weeks coloured, sputum, blood in sputum, difficulty, breathing chest pain
Codeine, linctus counselling
Contraindicated in less than 18 years, old liver disease, spreading, invest, feeding in asthma, drug abuse tolerance may occur
Dextromethorphan age and ca
> 12 contraindicated in SSO MAOI, or any other medication for depression, psychiatrical, emotional conditions
For codeine, linctus age
Above 12 years old children, 6 to 12 years old for five days, only contraindicated in less than 6 years of age, people at risk of respiratory failure, COPD, liver disease
Cough expectorant age
12 years, benylin children, 6 to 12 years old
Ccetirizine age
> six years old
Syrup over two years old
Loratadine age
over six years old
Syrup over two years old
Corticosteroids counselling
4/18 years old contraindicated in glucoma, Cataracs treatment should be stuck with no improvement is it within seven days should not be used for more than three months
Which two drugs need referring if you experience motion sickness
Theophylline or digoxin
Age for Promethazine
10mg tablets license for five years old>
25mg license for 10 years old and above
Joy ride age
> 3 years old
Kwells age
> 10
Kweels kids age
4-10
Cyclzine age
> 6 years old
Cinnarizine
> 5 years old
Migraleve age
> 16
Sumatriptan age
18-65
Sumatriptan dose
50 MG to be taken onset of migraine . If there is a response to the first tablet, a second tablet, must be taken two hours after the first tablet, no more than two tablets in 24 hour period 
Which headline treatment is suitable for asthma, pregnancy and breastfeeding
Dimeticone 4%
Full marks solution suitable for asthmatic
Yes
Derbac M malathion age
Over 6 months
Mebendazole age
> 2 years
Mebendazole in P&B
No only hygiene measures for six weeks
Referral for cystitis
Children under 16 years old man, pregnant women patients with diabetes longer than seven days recurrent
Referral for thrush
More than two attacks in six months patient under 16/60 years old
Ella one is licensed within how many days
Five days 120 hours
Levonorgestrel is licensed for
16 years of age and although within 72 hours three days
Ella one contra indication
Not recommended for patients taking CYP3 A4, enzyme inducing medicines within within the last four weeks of vomiting occurs within three hours another tablet should be taken
Levonorgestrel cA
Not suitable for patients taking CYP3 A4 enzyme induces or herbal products in the last four weeks for people who are CID is not an option 2 tablets can be taken patient above 70kg of BMI above 26 levonorgestrel is less effective double doors is offlabel vomiting occurs within three hours. Another door should be taken.
Ella one suitable for overweight patients
Yes
Cautions for Ella one
Severe liver, impairment, severe asthma on all glucocorticoid
Patient on cyclosporine
Cautions for levonorgestrel
Severe liver dysfunction, patient service for pregnancy, inflammation of the Philippian tubes, malabsorption syndrome, cyclosporine
Interactions between Ella one and levonorgestrel
Enzyme inhibitors cyp3a4 inhibitors should be offered a copper, intrauterine device within five days or double the dose of levonorgestrol
Which is the most effective contraceptive method
IUD
Ella one and breastfeeding
Ella one
Not recommended for breastfeeding for one week advised to maintain lactation
Levonorgestrel and breastfeeding
Wait 8 hours
Ella one and coc and poc
To reduce the efficacy of combined oral contraceptive progestogen containing drug should not be started for five days afterwards
Naproxen age
15-50 years
Naproxen for dysmenorrhea dose
No more than three tablets per day, no more than three days treatment in any one months
Dose for tranexamic acid
Two tablets, three times a day until symptoms are elevated. It should not be taken more than four consecutive days, maximum 4 g daily eight tablets
Tranexamic acid age
18-45
Tamsulosin age
45-75 years of age
Supply critter for Tamsulosin
45-75
Symptoms must be present for three
Two weeks apply should be supplied initially if symptoms have been improved then a further supplier for weeks can be made after six weeks after the supply can only be mad if the patient confirmed that the doctor has carried out a clinical assessment, this must be confirmed every 12 months
Main CA for sildenfil
Hypertension renal impairment of cardiovascular in the last six months, women men under 18 years old
Food and sildenfil
If taken with food the onset of activity may be delayed, competitive, fasted state

Chlororamphenicol age
> 2 years
Chloramphenicol dose
One drop every two hours for the first 48 hours than reducing four times a day for maximum five days
Which ingredient in a drug causes, stinging an irritation
Benzalkonium
Can you treat a chesty cough with an antitussive?
No risk of chest infection, mucus accumulates
in the lungs
Significant interaction with levenolle
Ciclosporin
Can you take Ella one in more than one cycle
No
Which medications can cause cystitis
allopurinol cyclophosphamide
Naproxen age
15/50
