Osteomyelitis

Question 1

What is pathphysiology of osteomyelitis?

Answer 1

Infection of bone + bone marrow by bacteria

When the bacteria is in bone + bone marrow it starts to proliferate, this alerts immune system that sends white blood cells.

The immune cells break down bone to get rid of bacteria. If only little bit of bacteria its acute osteomyelitis which will get better after a while as osteoblast + osteclast repair damage.

Question 2

What does chronic osteomyelitis cause?

Answer 2

1) Sequestrium - necrotic bone to form in pus

2) Involcrum - new bone surrounding sequestrium

3) Cloacae - Oppening which allows dead bone and pus out.

Question 3

Risk factors of osteomyelitis?

Answer 3

Haematogenously (most common)

Open wound

Skin into blood

Question 4

Symptoms of osteomyelitis?

Answer 4

Inflammation
fever
weakness

Question 5

Diagnosis of osteomyelitis?

Answer 5

Blood count:
- Increase WBC
- Increase CRP

X-ray:
Osteopenia
Thickening of cortical bone

Bone scan MRI:
- Confirm osteomyelitis
-Identify abscess

Bone biopsy:
- Identify pathogen

Question 6

Treatment of osteomyelitis?

Answer 6

Antibiotics

Surgery to remove abscess

Surgery to remove necrotic bone