Bone tumours

Question 1

Pathophysiology of bone tumours?

Answer 1

Bone cells divide uncontrollably and form tumor.

It is benign if doesn’t spread

If it invades tissues and metastasises its malignant.

Question 2

What is osteochondroma?

Answer 2

It is a benign tumour that often affects males under 25

Cause Overproduction of bone which can be seen on X-ray as exstosis

Commonly develops in metaphysics

Question 3

What is osteosarcoma?

Answer 3

It is a malignant tumour mostly in kids. It arises from osteoblasts and forms in metaphysics. Its where osteoblasts make too much osteoid tissue.

On x-ray it has a sunburst appearance.

Question 4

What is Ewing Sarcoma?

Answer 4

Its a malignant tumour that has round blue cells. That is mutation of neuroectodermal cells.

Originates from long bones

On X-ray can be seen as onion skin changes.

Question 5

Symptoms of bone tumours?

Answer 5

Numbness
Limb weakness
Avascular necrosis

Question 6

Investigations of bone tumours?

Answer 6

X-ray
CT- scan
MRI

Question 7

Treatment of Bone tumours?

Answer 7

If benign:
-surgery to remove

If malignant:
- Pain management
- Chemotherapy
- Radiotherapy

Question 8

Secondary bone tumours?

Answer 8

P: Prostate
B: Breast
K: Kidney
T: Thyroid
L: Lungs