Osteoarthritis Flashcards
What is limited in knee osteoarthritis?
Ambulation
Stair climbing
Getting up from chair
Carrying groceries
Heavy household chores
Where is hyaline cartilage found?
On articular surface of synovial joints
What does the hyaline cartilage function to do in the knee?
Bear and distribute compressive loads and to reduce friction between joint surfaces
What is the joint dependent on to function properly?
Cartilage
Bone
Capsule and ligament
Muscle and tendon
What occurs in subchondral bone?
Sclerosis (hardening)
Cyst formation
Osteochondrosis dissecans
Mimics OA (typically in younger population)
What percentage does genetics contribute to OA?
40-65%
What types of occupations have increased risk for OA?
Squatting kneeling combined with heavy lifting (plumbers, carpet layers, coal miners)
What risk factor does physical activity have for OA?
No evidence to have increased risk (vigorous activity can have higher risk)
What are the risk factors for knee OA?
Age
Sex (70% female/30% male)
Obesity
What type of injury significantly increases the risk of getting knee OA?
ACL or meniscus injury
Is there an increased risk of knee OA if you have Genu varum or valgum?
No (progresses OA but does not cause it)
How does leg length discrepancy contribute to knee OA?
People of leg length discrepancy of 1-2 cm are 2x more likely to develop OA
What is grade 0 of radiographic criteria?
No findings of OA
What is grade 1 of radiographic criteria?
Osteophytes of doubtful clinical significance
What is grade 2 of radiographic criteria?
Osteophytes with unimpaired joint space
What is grade 3 of radiographic criteria?
Osteophytes with moderate joint space narrowing
What is grade 4 of radiographic criteria?
Osteophytes with severe joint space narrowing and subchondral sclerosis
What is the clinical and radio graphic classification for knee OA?
Pain in the knee with at least 1 of the following 3
Age >50
Morning stiffness <30 min
Crepitus and Osteophytes
What is the source of pain in knee OA?
Synovium
Bone
Nerves
Why is cartilage not likely the source of pain in knee OA?
Not innervated
Are pain and severity of OA radiologic findings related?
Yes
What are implications of Osteophytes present in the bone?
Severe pain and will likely need total joint replacement
