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MSK 2 > Articular Cartilage And Meniscal Injuries > Flashcards

Articular Cartilage And Meniscal Injuries Flashcards

1
Q

How is the meniscus often injured?

A

Twisting

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2
Q

How is pain in meniscus injuries?

A

Worse with movement and better with rest

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3
Q

What may people with a meniscus injury complain of?

A

Locking

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4
Q

Longitudinal meniscal lesion

A

Most common type

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5
Q

Bucket handle lesion

A

Longitudinal can lead to bucket handle and this is where the catching of knee happens

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6
Q

What are good prognosis for healing of a meniscal tear?

A

Age < 35

Peripheral damage

Longitudinal tear

Short tear

Acute injury

Stable knee

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7
Q

What are the hallmark findings for joint line tenderness in a meniscus tear?

A

Good sensitivity

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8
Q

What are the hallmark findings for effusion in a meniscus tear?

A

Mild-mod over 1-2 days

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9
Q

What are the hallmark findings for positive entrapment test in a meniscus tear?

A

Mcmurrays

Apleys

Squat

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10
Q

What are the hallmark findings for quad inhibition in a meniscus tear?

A

Atrophy over first week or two following injury

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11
Q

What is a traumatic articular cartilage injury?

A

Ligament damage

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12
Q

What is a non traumatic articular cartilage injury?

A

Repetitive microtrauma (asymptomatic and non progressive)

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13
Q

What is a lavage surgery?

A

Short term pain relief (sham surgery)

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14
Q

What are treatments for a low demand lesion of < 2.5 cm?

A

Debridement

Microfracture

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15
Q

What are treatments for a high demand lesion < 2.5 cm?

A

Microfracture

AOT

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16
Q

What are treatments for low demand lesions of 2.5-4 cm?

A

Microfracture

AOT

ACI

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17
Q

What are treatments for a high demand lesion of 2.5-4 cm?

A

AOT

ACI

OAT

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18
Q

What are treatments for a lesion of > 4 cm?

A

ACI

OAT

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19
Q

What are risk factors of anterior knee pain?

A

Age

Active

Women

Rear foot runner

Increased Q angle

Increased tibial ER

Patellar mal alignment

Weak quads

Tight ITB, hamstrings

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20
Q

What is the difference between a subluxation and dislocation?

A

Subluxation- partial

Dislocation- full

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21
Q

What are causes of anterior knee dislocation?

A

Trauma

Non contact twisting

Blow to medial side of knee

22
Q

What is the function of articular cartilage?

A

Reduce friction

Fluidity of joint

23
Q

How do traumatic cartilage lesions usually occur?

A

ACL or fracture

24
Q

How does a non traumatic articular cartilage lesion usually occur?

A

Age or Repetitive motions

25
Q

Grade 1 focal articular cartilage lesion

A

Softening

26
Q

Grade 2 focal articular cartilage lesion

A

Fibrillation

27
Q

Grade 3 focal articular cartilage lesion

A

Partial thickness

28
Q

Grade 4 focal articular cartilage lesion

A

Full thickness with exposed bone

29
Q

Which type of surgery is performed for a grade 1 articular cartilage lesion?

A

No surgery indicated

30
Q

Which type of surgery is performed to repair an articular cartilage lesion which is less than 2.5 cm deep for a younger highly active individual?

A

Microfracture

31
Q

Which surgery is allowed WBAT immediately following the procedure?

A

Debridement

32
Q

What is indicative of both a meniscal tear and anterior knee pain?

A

Pain while performing a squat

33
Q

What is the most common site for fractures in the knee?

A

Patella and tibial plateau

34
Q

What is osteocondral?

A

Damages to cartilage or bone

35
Q

Why do most osteochondrals occur?

A

Patellar dislocation or ACL injury

36
Q

What causes a tibial plateau?

A

Trauma

Excessive varus, valgus, or compressive forces

37
Q

Who often gets a tibial tubercle?

A

Young male athletes

38
Q

When does a tibial tubercle happen?

A

Eccentric loading of the quads

39
Q

What is a segond fracture?

A

Avulsion fracture associated with anterolateral ligament

40
Q

What causes of segond fracture?

A

Excessive tibial IR

Varus stress

41
Q

What is the most important complication in a tibial femoral dislocation?

A

Potentially limb threatening

42
Q

What can a tibial femoral dislocation result in?

A

Fractures or ligament disruption

43
Q

How long are fractures immobilized for?

A

4-6 weeks

44
Q

What is the most common type of salter Harris epiphyseal complex fractures?

A

Type 2

45
Q

What is the most severe type of salter Harris epiphyseal complex fractures?

A

Type 5

46
Q

What is osteochondritis dissecans?

A

Idiopathic lesion of subchondral bone

47
Q

If you cannot find much with a physical exam what disease does that indicate?

A

OCD

48
Q

What criteria would cause you to lead a patient to his physician for further testing?

A

Thought and calf swelling on affected side

Tenderness along deep venous system

Pitting edema

49
Q

Does a bucket handle meniscus tear need surgery?

A

Yes

50
Q

Does a longitudinal meniscus tear need surgery?

A

No

MSK 2 (21 decks)

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