Knee Fractures Flashcards
What are the two most common types of knee fractures?
Patella
Tibial plateau
How frequent are knee fractures?
6% of knee injuries
How do we know if a knee injury needs a radiograph?
Age 55 or older
Isolated tenderness of patella
Tenderness over fibular head
Unable to flex knee > 90°
Unable to weight bear immediately
What is the Ottawa knee rule good at doing?
Ruling out a fracture
Pittsburgh knee rule
Blunt trauma associated with
Older than 50 or younger than 12
Inability to weight bear
What is a type 1 salter Harris epiphyseal fracture?
Fracture through physis
What is a type 2 salter Harris epiphyseal fracture?
Fracture partway through physis extending up into metaphysis
What is a type 3 salter Harris epiphyseal fracture?
Fracture partway through physis extending down into epiphysis
What is a type 4 salter Harris epiphyseal fracture?
Fracture through the metaphysis, physis, and epiphysis and can lead to angulation deformities when healing
What is a type 5 salter Harris epiphyseal fracture?
Crush injury to physis
What is often the mechanism of injury for a distal femur fracture?
MVA or fall
What is the prognosis for distal femur fracture?
Knee stiffness 1 year after injury
What is the most common type of patellar fracture?
Transverse (50-80%)
What is the most common mechanism of injury for the patellar fracture?
Direct blow to patella
Hyperextension
Contraction of quads
What are signs and symptoms of a patella knee fracture?
Pain
Swelling
Crepitus
Pain extending knee
What is the most helpful view to identify a patella fracture?
Sunrise view
When can a patient partial weight bear after an open reduction internal fixation?
6-8 weeks
What direction does the patella usually dislocate?
Laterally
What is a complication that often happens with a patella dislocation?
Osteochondral fracture
How are patella dislocations often managed?
Bracing
RICE
Taping
E stim
What is often something that comes along with patella dislocations?
Recurrent dislocations and instability of knee
What is the most common population for a tibial eminence fracture?
8-14 y/o
What is the most common population for a tibial tubercle fracture?
Adolescents and females
How long are tibial plateau fractures immobilized?
4-6 weeks
When is open reduction internal fixation required for a tibial plateau fracture?
If it is > 3 mm
What ligaments are associated with a segund fracture?
LCL and ACL
What is the main concern with a knee dislocation?
Could be limb threatening
What’s the most common type of knee dislocation?
Anterior
