Ossification Flashcards
What is ossification?
Ossification is the process where bone is formed. Minerals are laid down into cartilage which is then calcified to produce bone.
Where does ossification happen?
Ossification occurs in the epiphyseal plate where the bone grows in length.
What is the function of osteoclasts?
Osteoclasts destroy old bone by reabsorbing unnecessary calcium by releasing an acid that dissolves the mineral coating of the bone. Osteoclasts replace 10% of bone per annum.
What is the function of osteoblasts?
Osteoblasts are bone forming cells which aid the process of making new bone by bringing calcium to the bone.
What is the function of osteocytes?
Osteocytes are cells that come from osteoblasts which grow bone tissue and turn it into bone matter.
How many stages are there in the process of ossification?
Six stages.
What happens within stage one of ossification?
Stage one is when the fetal hyaline cartilage model develops.
What happens within stage two of ossification?
Stage two is when the cartilage calcifies and a periosteal bone collar forms around the diaphysis.
What happens within stage three of ossification?
Stage three is when primary ossification occurs; the centre of the bone forms within the diaphysis.
What happens within stage four of ossification?
Stage four is when secondary ossification occurs; centres form in both the top and bottom epiphysis.
What happens within stage five of ossification?
Stage five is when bone replaces all cartilage other than the articular cartilage and the epiphyseal plates.
What happens within stage six of ossification?
Stage six is when the epiphyseal plates ossify and form epiphyseal lines.
What is bone remodeling?
Bone remodeling is the ongoing replacement of old bone tissue with new bone tissue and the redistribution of bone to areas of stress.
What are the two vital minerals for bone formation, growth and remodeling?
Calcium and Vitamin D
Why is vitamin D important?
Vitamin D is used to absorb calcium so without it, the bones become weak.
