Osmosis And Plant Transportation Flashcards
What term is used to describe a membrane which allows osmosis to occur?
Selectively permeable
Explain what happens during osmosis to cause the cell membrane the push against the cell wall.
Water moves into the cell.
The water that is transported into a plant is necessary for what purposes?
🚝 Photosynthesis - much of the water that enters a plant is used as a raw material for photosynthesis
🚝 Support - water is used to make the plan cells firm or turgid, this is particularly important non woody plants
🚝 As a solvent - water is used in many reactions in the plant cells
🚝 Transport of mineral ions - although active uptake may be required to transport mineral ions into plant roots, the ions are transported through the plants by the movement of water
What is osmosis?
Osmosis is the movement of water from a high to a low concentration through a selectively permeable membrane.
What is transpiration?
Much of the water that enters the leaves evaporate into the atmosphere, this loss of water by evaporation is called transpiration.
What are stomata?
Stomata are small pores on the surface of the leaf which allow gases in and out of the leaf during the processes of respiration and photosynthesis.
What environmental factors affect the rate of transpiration?
🚝 Temperature - the warmer the atmosphere surrounding a plant, the faster the water will evaporate.
🚝 Windspeed - wind will help speed up the process of transpiration, as wind will quickly remove evaporating water away from the stomata.
🚝 Humidity - evaporation takes place slowly in humid conditions because the moisture in the air reduces the diffusion gradient.
🚝 The surface area of the leaf - larger leaves will have more stomata than smaller leaves and so will tend to lose more water by transpiration
What is translocation?
Translocation is the distribution of dissolved glucose following photosynthesis. The glucose is sent either to the roots for storage or to the growing points (new leaves and buds) to provide energy.
What are minerals?
Minerals are the inorganic elements and compounds such as calcium, magnesium and nitrates that the plants use as raw materials and which it absorbs through its roots by active uptake.
What are nutrients?
Nutrients are the organic compounds such as glucose and amino acid, which are made by plants in the leaf during the process of photosynthesis.
