Cell Division And Genetics - Part 1

Question 1

What are cells with 46 chromosomes called?

Answer 1

They are called diploid because they have two copies of each chromosome.

Question 2

What are the main stages of mitosis?

Answer 2

Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

Question 3

What is a group of abnormal cells called?

Answer 3

A tumour

Question 4

What are the two main types of tumour?

Answer 4

Benign tumours and malignant tumours

Benign tumours are often encapsulated and the cells remain in one place and do you not disrupt normal function.
Malignant tumours spread out and cause disruption, cells can break off from the main (primary) tumour and be carried in the blood or a lymph to other parts of the body where they cause secondary tumours.

Question 5

What are the main causes of cancer?

Answer 5

Chemicals in cigarettes smoke
UV radiation
Viruses
There is also a genetic link

Question 6

What are substances that are known to cause cancer called?

Answer 6

Carcinogenic

Question 7

List three things people can do to reduce the risk of getting skin cancer.

Answer 7

🚝 Wear suncream
🚝 Stay inside when the sun is at its hottest
🚝 Where a hat and T-shirt

Question 8

Why are the chances of successful treatment and recovery better if cancer is detected early?

Answer 8

🚝There are fewer cancer cells

🚝 There is less likelihood of the cancer having spread to other parts of the body

Question 9

List three methods that are used to treat cancer.

Answer 9

🚝 Surgery - this involves the removal of the cancer cells.
🚝 Radiotherapy - this involves using x-rays or other forms of radiation to kill the cells.
🚝 Chemotherapy - this is where a drug or a range of drugs are used to kill cancer cells.

Question 10

In the two types of cell division?

Answer 10

Mitosis and meiosis