Orthopedic Injuries Flashcards
acromioclavicular AC joint
a simple joint where the Bony projections of the scapula and clavicle meet at the top of the shoulder
amputation
an injury in which part of the body is completely severed
articular cartilage
a pearly white layer of specialized cartilage covering the articular surface of bone in synovial joints
calcaneus
the heel bone
closed fracture
any break in a bone in which the overlying skin is not broken
compartment syndrome
an elevation of pressure Within a close facial compartment, characterized by extreme pain, decreased pain sensation, peeing on stretching of affected muscles, and to seize power. Frequently seen in fractures below the elbow or knee in children
crepitus
a grating or grinding sensation or sound caused by fracture bone and or joints rubbing together
dislocation
disruption of a joint in which ligaments are damaged and the bone ends are no longer in contact
displaced fracture
a fracture in which bone fragments and separated from one another, producing deformity in the limb
ecchymosis
bruising or discoloration associated with bleeding within or under the skin
false motion
movement that occurs in a bone at a point where there are no joint indicating a fracture. also called free movement
fascia
the fiber like connective tissue that covers arteries, veins, tendons and ligaments
fibula
the outer and smaller bone of the two bones of the lower leg
fracture
a break in the continuity of a bone
glenoid fossa
the part of the scapula that joins with humeral head to form glenohumeral joint
hematuria
blood in the urine
joint
the place where two bones come into contact
ligament
a band of fibrous tissue that connects bones to bones
non-displaced fracture
a simple crack in the bone that has not caused bone to move from its normal anatomic position also called hairline fracture
open fracture
any breaking bone which the over lines skin has been broken
pelvic binder
a device to spend the Bony pelvis to reduce Hemorrhage from bone ends, venous disruption, and pain
point tenderness
tenderness as sharply localized at the site of the injury, found by gently popping along the bone with the tip of one finger
position of function
a hand position in which the wrist is slightly dorsiflexed and all finger joints are moderately flexed
reduce
to return a dislocated joint or fractured bone to its normal position
retroperitoneal space
the space between the abdominal cavity and the posterior abdominal wall, containing the kidneys, certain large vessels, and parts of the gastrointestinal tract
sciatic nerve
the major nerve to the lower extremities
sling
a bandage on material that helps to support the weight of an injured upper extremity
splint
a flexible or rigid device used to protect and maintain the position of an injury extremity
sprain
a joint injury involved damage to supporting ligaments and sometimes partially or temporary dislocation of bone ends
strain
retching or tearing of a muscle also called muscle pull
swathe
avenge that passes around the chest to secure an injured arm to the chest
tibia
the larger of the two lower leg bones responsible for supporting the major weight-bearing surface of the knee and the ankle
tourniquet
the bleeding control method used when a wound continues to bleed despite the use of direct pressure and elevation
traction
longitudinal Force applied to a structure
zone of injury
the area of potentially damage soft tissue, adjacent nerves, and blood vessels surround an injury to a bone or joint
