Airway management Flashcards
aerobic metabolism
metabolism that can proceed only in the presence of oxygen
agonal gasps
occasional, gasping breaths that occur after the heart has stopped
Airway
the upper Airway track or the passage about the larynx, which include the nose, mouth, and the throat
alveolar minute volume
the volume of air move through the lungs and one minute in minus the Dead Space
alveolar ventilation
the volume of air that reaches alveoli.
American Standard safety system
a safety system for large oxygen cylinders designed to prevent The Accidental attachment of regulatory to which cylinder containing the wrong type of gas
anaerobic metabolism
metabolism that takes place in the absence of oxygen
apnea
absence of spontaneous breathing
aspiration
in the context of Airway, the introduction of vomitus or other foreign material into the lungs
ataxic respirations
irregular, ineffective respirations that may or may not have identifiable pattern
automatic transport ventilator ATV
a ventilation device attached to a control box that allows a variables of ventilation to be set.
bag valve mask BVM
a device with a one-way valve and a face mask attached to a ventilation bag. delivers more than 90% supplemental oxygen when when attached to Reservoir
barrier device
a protective item, such as pocket masks with a valve, that limits exposure to a patient’s body fluids.
bilateral
a body part or condition that appears on both sides of the midline.
bronchioles
subdivision of the smaller bronchi in the lungs
capnography
a non-invasive method to quickly and efficiently provide information on a patient’s ventilatory status, circulation, and metabolism
capnometry
the use of capnometer, a device that measures the amount of expired carbon dioxide
carina
point at which the trachea bifurcates into the left and right mainstream bronchi
chemoreceptors
monitor the levels of O2, CO2, and the pH of the cerebral spinal fluid and the provide feedback to the respiratory centers to modify the rate and depth of breathing based on the body’s needs at any given time
compliance
the ability of the alveoli to expand when air is drawn in during inhalation
continuous positive airway pressure CPAP
a method of ventilation use primarily and treatment of critical patients with respiratory distress
Dead Space
the portion of the tidal volume that does not reach the alveoli and this does not participate in gas exchange
dyspnea
shortness of breath
end-tidal CO2
the amount of carbon dioxide present at the end of the exhaled breath
exhalation
the best part of breathing process in which a diaphragm and the intercostal muscle relax, forcing air out of the lungs
external respiration
the exchange of gases between the lungs and the blood cells and the pulmonary capillaries
gag reflex
a normal reflex mechanism that causes retching
gastric distention
a condition in which air fills the stomach, often as a result of high volume and pressure during artificial ventilation
glottis and glottic opening
the space in between the vocal cords that is the narrowest portion adult Airway
good air Exchange
a term used to distinguish the degree of distress in patients with a mild Airway obstruction
head tilt chin lift maneuver
a combination of two movements to open the airway by tilting the forehead back and lifting the chin
hypercarbia
increase carbon dioxide level in the bloodstream
hypoxia
a dangerous condition in which the body tissue and cells do not have enough oxygen
hypoxic Drive
a condition in which chronically low levels of oxygen in the blood stimulate the respiratory drive
inhalation
the active, muscular part of breathing that draws air into the airway and lungs
internal respiration
the exchange of gases between the blood cells and tissues
intrapulmonary shunting
bypassing of oxygen-poor blood past non-functional alveoli to the left side of the heart
jaw thrust maneuver
technique to open the airway by placing the fingers behind the angle of the jaw and bringing the job forward
labored breathing
breathing that requires greater than normal effort may be slower or faster than normal in usually requires that use of accessory muscle
larynx
a complex structure form by main independent cartilaginous structure that all work together
manually triggered ventilation device
a fixed flow rate violation device that delivers a breath every time it’s button is pushed
mediastinum
space within the chest I can change the heart major blood vessels, vague nerve, trachea, major bronchi, and esophagus
metabolism and cellular respiration
the biochemical process that results in production of energy from nutrients within the cells
mild Airway obstruction
occurs when a foreign body partially obstructs the patients Airway
minute volume
the volume of air move through the lungs in one minute
nasal cannula
oxygen delivery device in which oxygen flow through the two small tube like prongs that fit into the patient’s nostril. delivers 24% to 44% supplement oxygen depending on flow rate
nasopharyngeal Airway
Airway adjunct inserted into the nostril of an unresponsive patient or a patient with an altered level of Consciousness who is unable to maintain Airway patency independently
nasopharynx
the nasal cavity
non-rebreather mask
the combination mask in Reservoir back system that is preferred way to give oxygen prehospital setting delivers up to 90% inspired oxygen and prevents inhaling the exhaled gases
oropharyngeal Airway
Airway adjunct insert into the mouth of an unresponsive patient to keep the tongue from blocking the upper Airway and to facilitate suction the airway, if necessary
oropharynx
forms of posterior portion of the oral cavity, which is bordered superiority by the hard and soft pallets, literally by the cheeks, and inferiorly by the Tongue
oxygenation
the process of delivering oxygen to the blood by diffusion from the alveoli following inhalation into the lungs
oxygen toxicity
a condition of excessive oxygen consumption resulting in cellular and tissue damage
parietal pleura
thin membrane that lines the chest cavity
partial pressure
the term used to describe the amount of gas in air or dissolves in fluids such as blood
passive ventilation
the act of air moving in and out of the lungs during chest compressions
patent
open, clear of obstruction
phrenic nerve
nerve that innervates the diaphragm
pin index system
a system establishing for portable cylinders to ensure that a regulator is not going to get to a cylinder containing the wrong type of gas
Pneumothorax
a partial or complete accumulation of air in the pleural space
poor air Exchange
a term used to describe the degree of distress and patient with a mild Airway obstruction
pulse oximetry
an assessment tool that measures oxygen saturation of hemoglobin in the capillary beds
recovery position
hey side lying position used to maintain any clearer weight in unconsciousness patients without injury who are breathing adequately
residual volume
the air that remains in the lungs after maximal expiration
respiration
the process of exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide
retractions
movement in which the skin pulls in around the ribs during inspiration
severe Airway obstruction
occurs when a foreign body completely obstructs the patient’s Airway
stoma
an opening through the skin and into an organ or other structure. a stoma in the neck connects to the trachea directly to the skin
Stridor
a high pitch noise heard primarily on inspiration
suction catheter
a hollow, cylinder device used to remove fluid from the patient’s Airway
surfactant
a liquid protein substance that coats the alveoli in the lungs, decreasing alveolar surface tension, and keeps the alveoli expanded
tension pneumothorax
the life-threatening collection of air within the pleural space. volume and pressure have both collapse and involved lung and cause a shift on mediastinal structure to the opposite side
tidal volume
amount of air that is moved in or out of the lungs during one breath in ML
tonsil tips
large, semirigid suction tips recommended for suctioning the pharynx
tracheostomy
surgical opening into the trachea
ventilation
exchange of air between the lungs and the environment, spontaneously by the patient or with an assistant from another person, such as EMT
visceral pleura
thin membrane that covers the lungs
vital capacity
the amount of air that can be forcibly expelled from the lungs after breathing in as deeply as possible
vocal cords
The Thin White Band of tough muscular tissue that are lateral borders of the glottis and serve as a primer Center For Speech production
wheezing
the production of whistling sounds during expiration such as occurs in asthma and bronchiolitis
