Cardiovascular Emergencies Flashcards
acute coronary syndrome
a group of symptoms caused by myocardial ischemia. Including angina and myocardial infarction
acute myocardial infarction Ami
a heart attack. Death of heart muscle following obstruction of blood flow to it. Acute in the context meaning new or happening right now
angina pectoris
transient short-lived. chest discomfort caused by partial or temporary blockage of blood flow to the heart muscle called angina
anterior
the front surface of the body. The side facing you in the standard anatomic position
aorta
the main artery, which receives blood from the left ventricle and delivers it to all the other arteries that carry blood to the tissues of the body.
aortic aneurysm
a weakness in the wall of the aorta and that makes it so susceptible to rupture
aortic valve
the the the one-way valve that lies between the left ventricle and the aorta and keeps blood from flowing back into the left ventricle after the left ventricle ejects blood into the aorta. one of the four heart valves
artifact
a tracing on ECG that is the result of the interference, such as patient movement, rather than the heart electrical activity
asystole
the complete absence of all electrical activity
atherosclerosis
a disorder in which cholesterol and calcium buildup inside the wall of blood vessels eventually leading to partial or complete blockage of blood flow
atrium
one of two right and left upper chambers of the heart. the right atrium receives blood from the vena cava and delivers it to the right ventricle. The left atrium receives blood from the pulmonary veins and delivers it to the left ventricle.
automaticity
the ability of cardiac muscle cells to contract without stimulation from the nervous system
autonomic nervous system
the part of the nervous system that controls involuntary activities of the blood such as a heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion of food
bradycardia
they still heart rate less than 60 beats per minute
cardiac arrest
when the heart fails to generate effective and detectable blood flow. Pulses are not palpable in Cardiac Arrest, even if muscular and electrical activities continues in the heart
cardiac output
a measure of the volume of blood circulated bye the heart in one minute, calculated by multiplying the stroke volume by the heart rate
cardiogenic shock
a state in which not enough oxygen is delivered to the tissue of the body, caused by lower output of blood from the heart. It can be severe complication of a large acute myocardial infarction, as well as other conditions
congestive heart failure
a disorder in which the heart loses part of its ability to effectively pump blood, usually as a result of damage to the heart muscle and usually resulting and a backup of fluid into the lungs
coronary arteries
the blood vessels that carry blood and nutrients to the heart muscle
defibrillate
to shock a defibrillating chaotically Beating Heart with specialized electrical current in an attempt to restore a normal rhythmic beat
dependent edema
swelling in the part of the body closest to the ground, caused by collection of fluid in the tissue. a possible sign of congestive heart failure
dilation
widening of tubular structure such as coronary artery
dissecting aneurysm
a condition in which the inner layer of the artery such as the aorta become separated allowing blood at high pressure to flow between the layers
dysrhythmia
an irregular or abnormal heart rhythm
hypertensive emergency
an emergency situation created by excessive high blood pressure, which can lead to serious complications such as stroke or aneurysm
infarction
death of a body tissue, usually caused by Interruption of its blood supply
infarction
death of a body tissue, usually caused by Interruption of its blood supply
inferior
the part of the body or any body nearer to the feet
ischemia
a lack of oxygen that deprives tissue of necessary nutrients, resulting from partial or complete blockage of blood flow. Potentially reversible because permanent injuries has not yet occurred
Lumen
the inside diameter of an artery or other Hollow structure
myocardium
the heart muscle
occlusion
a blockage, usually of a tubular structure such as a blood vessel
parasympathetic nervous system
the part of the autonomic nervous system that controls vegetative functions such as digestion of food and relaxation
perfusion
the flow of blood through the body tissue and vessel
posterior
the back surface of the body
return of spontaneous circulation rosc
the return of a pulse and effective the return of a pulse and effective ball at blood flow to the body in a patient who previously was in cardiac arrest
stroke volume
the volume of blood ejected with each ventricular contraction
Superior
the part of the body or any body part near to the Head
sympathetic nervous system
the part of the autonomic nervous system that controls active function such as responding to fear also known as fight or flight
syncope
a fainting spell or trenchant loss of consciousness
tachycardia
a rapid heart rate, more than 100 beats per minute
thromboembolism
a blood clot that has formed within a blood vessel and is floating within the bloodstream
ventricle
one of two right and left lower chambers of the heart. The left ventricle receives blood from the left atrium upper chamber and delivers blood into the aorta. the right ventricle receives blood from the right atrium and pumps it into the pulmonary artery
ventricular fibrillation
disorganized, and effective quivering of the ventricles, resulting in no blood flow and a state of cardiac arrest
ventricular tachycardia
a rapid heart rhythm in which the electrical impulse begins in the ventricle instead of the atrium, which may result in inadequate blood flow and eventually deteriorate into cardiac arrest
