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Orthopedic Conditons Flashcards

1
Q

What is key factor of RTC impingement?

A

Pain limits motion at shoulder

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2
Q

What is the test called for RTC impingement?

A

Neer impingement
Hawkins kennedy
Cross over

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3
Q

What does the neer impingement test for?

A

Coracoacromial arch

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4
Q

What does the Hawkins kennedy test for?

A

Subacromial

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5
Q

What does the cross over test for?

A

Acromioclavicular

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6
Q

What causes impingement syndrome?

A

Tendons of rotator cuff are compressed resulting in stress and friction and mechanical wear

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7
Q

What is tight and weak with upper crossed syndrome?

A

Tight-SCM, upper trap, pec muscles
Stretch: SCM, upper trap, sub occipital extensors and anterior scapular muscles

Weak- deep cervical flexors, rhomboids, mid and lower trap ( long thoracic extensors)
Strengthen: mid trap, rhomboids, lower trap

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8
Q

What is key factor for RTC Tear?

A

Weakness or instability at shoulder

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9
Q

When the shoulder joint abducts and adducts what does the shoulder girdle do?

A

Abduction- upward rotation
Adduction- downward rotation

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10
Q

When the shoulder joint flex and extends what does the shoulder girdle do?

A

Elevation/upward rotation- flexion
Depression/downward rotation- extension

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11
Q

When the shoulder joint IR/ER what does the shoulder girdle do?

A

Abduction (protraction) -IR
Adduction ( retraction)- ER

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12
Q

When the shoulder joint horizontal abducts and adducts what does the shoulder girdle do?

A

Horizontal abduction- adduction/ (retraction)
Horizontal adduction- abduction/ ( protraction)

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13
Q

What is the key factor for RTC tear?

A

Weakness or instability at the shoulder

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14
Q

What does the external rotation lag sign test for?

A

Infraspinatus/teres minor

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15
Q

What is the damage test drop arm and what does it test for?

A

1- against gravity, 2 light distal tapping
Supraspinatus

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16
Q

What does empty can test for?

A

External rotators

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17
Q

What is gerbers lift off test for?

A

Subscapularis

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18
Q

When do you perform internal rotation lag sign?

A

If gerber is positive

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19
Q

What is the anterior dislocation position for shoulder?

A

Arm abducted
Extended
External rotation

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20
Q

What does the anterior apprehension sign test for?

A

Instability
Anterior shoulder dislocation

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21
Q

What is the special test for the biceps?

A

Speeds
Yergasons

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22
Q

What is position for speeds test?

A

Hand out, palm up examiner resist flexion
Palpate for tenderness in bicipital groove

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23
Q

What is position for yergasons test?

A

Patient provides resistance while examiner moves GH joint in ER and supination (hitchhiking)

24
Q

What is the impingement test and what do they test for?

A

Neer ( coracoacromial arch)
Hawkins/kennedy ( subacromial)
Cross over ( AC)

25
What is the damage test and what do they test for?
Empty can - Supraspinatus Drop arm 1&2 ( Supraspinatus) ERLS (Infraspinatus/ teres minor) Gerber and IRLS ( Subscapularis)
26
What is the GH labrum test?
Obriens Compression rotation A-P slide test
27
What are the GH instability test?
Apprehension
28
Colles fracture vs smiths fracture?
Colles- outward Smiths- inward
29
What is the finkelstein test?
Make fist with thumb in palm Stabilize forearm and apply ulnar deviation to wrist
30
What is jersey finger?
Finger remains extended, DIP cannot be flexed
31
What is the test for tight hip flexors? What is position?
Thomas test Pt pulls one leg toward head and other leg is extended
32
How to know rectus femoris is positive with Thomas test?
If there is measurable hip flexion with knee flexion at 80
33
How to know Thomas test is positive for iliopsoas?
Hip extension occurs with knee extension
34
What is the lower crossed syndrome? What is tight and weak?
Tight erector spinae and tight iliopsoas Weak abdominal and weak gluteus Maximus
35
What test for tight rectus femoris? And position of test?
Elys test Lies prone with knee extended examiner passively flexes the knee
36
What does it look like when there’s a positive elys test?
Hip on same side as rectus femoris restriction passively flexes as examiner flexes knee
37
What is the test for IT band or TFL? What is the position?
Obers test Side lying begin with hip in neutral extension knee flexed to 90
38
Pt lies in supine with hips and knees extended what test?
Tight hamstrings origin
39
Pt lies supine with hips and knees flexed to 90 degrees pt actively extends knee? What test ?
Tight hamstrings insertion
40
What direction is more prone to dislocation of hip?
Posterior and posterolateral
41
What is THA posterior restrictions?
No bending past 90 No internal rotation No crossing midline
42
What is THA lateral restrictions?
No bending forward past 90 No internal rotation No crossing involved leg over uninvolved No active ABD or SLR No crossing midline for adduction
43
What is THA anterior restrictions?
Hyperextension Abduction And external rotation
44
Wha is the Thessaly test?
Stand on test leg with knee bent to 20 degrees of flexion Opposite leg is flexed Rotates knee medially and laterally 3 times
45
What to avoid with post graft healing?
Avoid open chain knee extension in first 3 months focus on hamstring curls
46
What are the lateral ligaments of ankle?
Anterior talofibular ligaments Calcaneofibular ligament Posterior talofibular ligament
47
What is the medial ligament?
Deltoid ligament
48
What to improve with anterior drawer test?
PF
49
With posterior glide of ankle what does it improve?
DF
50
How to know if deltoid ligament is being tested with Talar tilt test?
Calcaneous is everted
51
What is the Tom dick and harry muscles?
Tibialis posterior Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallucis longus
52
What does the Tibialis posterior muscle do?
PF and invert foot
53
What does flexor digitorum longus muscle do?
Movement and curling of 2,3,4,5 toe
54
What does the flexor hallucis longus muscle do?
Flexes big toe
55
With A-P test which way will produce pain in opposite direction?
SLAP
56
With A-P test what will produce pain in the same direction?
Bankhart

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