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Board Prep > Orthopedic Conditons > Flashcards

Orthopedic Conditons Flashcards

1
Q

What is key factor of RTC impingement?

A

Pain limits motion at shoulder

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2
Q

What is the test called for RTC impingement?

A

Neer impingement
Hawkins kennedy
Cross over

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3
Q

What does the neer impingement test for?

A

Coracoacromial arch

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4
Q

What does the Hawkins kennedy test for?

A

Subacromial

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5
Q

What does the cross over test for?

A

Acromioclavicular

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6
Q

What causes impingement syndrome?

A

Tendons of rotator cuff are compressed resulting in stress and friction and mechanical wear

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7
Q

What is tight and weak with upper crossed syndrome?

A

Tight-SCM, upper trap, pec muscles
Stretch: SCM, upper trap, sub occipital extensors and anterior scapular muscles

Weak- deep cervical flexors, rhomboids, mid and lower trap ( long thoracic extensors)
Strengthen: mid trap, rhomboids, lower trap

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8
Q

What is key factor for RTC Tear?

A

Weakness or instability at shoulder

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9
Q

When the shoulder joint abducts and adducts what does the shoulder girdle do?

A

Abduction- upward rotation
Adduction- downward rotation

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10
Q

When the shoulder joint flex and extends what does the shoulder girdle do?

A

Elevation/upward rotation- flexion
Depression/downward rotation- extension

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11
Q

When the shoulder joint IR/ER what does the shoulder girdle do?

A

Abduction (protraction) -IR
Adduction ( retraction)- ER

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12
Q

When the shoulder joint horizontal abducts and adducts what does the shoulder girdle do?

A

Horizontal abduction- adduction/ (retraction)
Horizontal adduction- abduction/ ( protraction)

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13
Q

What is the key factor for RTC tear?

A

Weakness or instability at the shoulder

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14
Q

What does the external rotation lag sign test for?

A

Infraspinatus/teres minor

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15
Q

What is the damage test drop arm and what does it test for?

A

1- against gravity, 2 light distal tapping
Supraspinatus

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16
Q

What does empty can test for?

A

External rotators

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17
Q

What is gerbers lift off test for?

A

Subscapularis

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18
Q

When do you perform internal rotation lag sign?

A

If gerber is positive

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19
Q

What is the anterior dislocation position for shoulder?

A

Arm abducted
Extended
External rotation

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20
Q

What does the anterior apprehension sign test for?

A

Instability
Anterior shoulder dislocation

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21
Q

What is the special test for the biceps?

A

Speeds
Yergasons

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22
Q

What is position for speeds test?

A

Hand out, palm up examiner resist flexion
Palpate for tenderness in bicipital groove

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23
Q

What is position for yergasons test?

A

Patient provides resistance while examiner moves GH joint in ER and supination (hitchhiking)

24
Q

What is the impingement test and what do they test for?

A

Neer ( coracoacromial arch)
Hawkins/kennedy ( subacromial)
Cross over ( AC)

25
Q

What is the damage test and what do they test for?

A

Empty can - Supraspinatus
Drop arm 1&2 ( Supraspinatus)
ERLS (Infraspinatus/ teres minor)
Gerber and IRLS ( Subscapularis)

26
Q

What is the GH labrum test?

A

Obriens
Compression rotation
A-P slide test

27
Q

What are the GH instability test?

A

Apprehension

28
Q

Colles fracture vs smiths fracture?

A

Colles- outward
Smiths- inward

29
Q

What is the finkelstein test?

A

Make fist with thumb in palm
Stabilize forearm and apply ulnar deviation to wrist

30
Q

What is jersey finger?

A

Finger remains extended, DIP cannot be flexed

31
Q

What is the test for tight hip flexors? What is position?

A

Thomas test
Pt pulls one leg toward head and other leg is extended

32
Q

How to know rectus femoris is positive with Thomas test?

A

If there is measurable hip flexion with knee flexion at 80

33
Q

How to know Thomas test is positive for iliopsoas?

A

Hip extension occurs with knee extension

34
Q

What is the lower crossed syndrome? What is tight and weak?

A

Tight erector spinae and tight iliopsoas
Weak abdominal and weak gluteus Maximus

35
Q

What test for tight rectus femoris? And position of test?

A

Elys test
Lies prone with knee extended examiner passively flexes the knee

36
Q

What does it look like when there’s a positive elys test?

A

Hip on same side as rectus femoris restriction passively flexes as examiner flexes knee

37
Q

What is the test for IT band or TFL? What is the position?

A

Obers test
Side lying begin with hip in neutral extension knee flexed to 90

38
Q

Pt lies in supine with hips and knees extended what test?

A

Tight hamstrings origin

39
Q

Pt lies supine with hips and knees flexed to 90 degrees pt actively extends knee? What test ?

A

Tight hamstrings insertion

40
Q

What direction is more prone to dislocation of hip?

A

Posterior and posterolateral

41
Q

What is THA posterior restrictions?

A

No bending past 90
No internal rotation
No crossing midline

42
Q

What is THA lateral restrictions?

A

No bending forward past 90
No internal rotation
No crossing involved leg over uninvolved
No active ABD or SLR
No crossing midline for adduction

43
Q

What is THA anterior restrictions?

A

Hyperextension
Abduction And external rotation

44
Q

Wha is the Thessaly test?

A

Stand on test leg with knee bent to 20 degrees of flexion
Opposite leg is flexed
Rotates knee medially and laterally 3 times

45
Q

What to avoid with post graft healing?

A

Avoid open chain knee extension in first 3 months focus on hamstring curls

46
Q

What are the lateral ligaments of ankle?

A

Anterior talofibular ligaments
Calcaneofibular ligament
Posterior talofibular ligament

47
Q

What is the medial ligament?

A

Deltoid ligament

48
Q

What to improve with anterior drawer test?

A

PF

49
Q

With posterior glide of ankle what does it improve?

A

DF

50
Q

How to know if deltoid ligament is being tested with Talar tilt test?

A

Calcaneous is everted

51
Q

What is the Tom dick and harry muscles?

A

Tibialis posterior
Flexor digitorum longus
Flexor hallucis longus

52
Q

What does the Tibialis posterior muscle do?

A

PF and invert foot

53
Q

What does flexor digitorum longus muscle do?

A

Movement and curling of 2,3,4,5 toe

54
Q

What does the flexor hallucis longus muscle do?

A

Flexes big toe

55
Q

With A-P test which way will produce pain in opposite direction?

A

SLAP

56
Q

With A-P test what will produce pain in the same direction?

A

Bankhart

Board Prep (15 decks)

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