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Board Prep > Neuromuscular > Flashcards

Neuromuscular Flashcards

1
Q

What is part of the brainstem?

A

Midbrain
Substanitia nigra
Basal ganglia

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2
Q

What is function of medulla oblongata?

A

Vital sign function of cardiac
Respiratory and vasomotor centers

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3
Q

What is part of diecephalon?

A

Thalamus
Hypothalamus

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4
Q

What is function of hypothalamus?

A

Homeostasis, metabolism
Heart rate
Primary drives ( food, sex, sleep)

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5
Q

What does lesions in organs of brain and lobes, spinal cord lead to?

A

Rigidity- organs of brain
Lobes and spinal cord- spasticity

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6
Q

What is cranial nerve 3, 4, 5,6,7 8, 10, 11

A

3- oculomotor
4- trochlear
5- trigeminal
6- abducens
7- facial
8- vestibulocohlear
10-vagus
11- spinal accessory

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7
Q

What is the function of vestibulocochlear? Motor or sensory?

A

Sensory- Vestibular ocular reflex (VOR)
Cochlear function

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8
Q

What is the function of spinal accessory nerve? Motor or sensory?

A

Double motor
Trapezius, SCM muscle function

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9
Q

What are 12 cranial nerves?

A
  1. Olfactory
  2. Optic
  3. Oculomotor
  4. Trochlear
  5. Trigeminal
  6. Abducens
  7. Facial
  8. Vestibulocohlear
  9. Glossopharyngeal nerve
  10. Vagus
  11. Accessory
  12. Hypoglossal
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10
Q

What artery and lobs is associated with NO homonymous hemianopsia, brocas aphasia, ataxia?

A

Frontal lobe
Anterior cerebral artery

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11
Q

What lobe and artery is associated with apraxia and anosognosia, wernickes aphasia?

A

Parietal lobe
Middle cerebral artery

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12
Q

What artery and lobe is associated with visual deficit?

A

Occipital lobe
Posterior cerebral artery

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13
Q

What lobe and artery is associated with lock of coordination, intention tremors, and 3Ds?

A

Cerebellum
Vertebral arteries

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14
Q

What are the 3 Ds ?

A

Dysdiadochokinesia
Dysarthria
Dysmetria

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15
Q

What lobe and artery is associated with lead pipe, cogwheel and athetosis?

A

Basal ganglia
Anterior cerebral artery

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16
Q

What lobe and artery is associated with pushers syndrome and thalamic pain syndrome?

A

Thalamus
Posterior cerebral artery

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17
Q

What lobe and artery is associated with altered basic life functions, homeostasis?

A

Hypothalamus
Posterior cerebral artery

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18
Q

What lobe and nerve is associated with cranial nerve palsy and leads to death?

A

Brainstem
Vertebral arteries

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19
Q

Left sided hemisphere injury?

A

Difficulty understanding and producing language both written and spoken
Slow, cautious
Difficulty sequencing movements
Aware of deficits
LFR

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20
Q

Right sided hemisphere injury?

A

Unable to understand nonverbal communication
Difficulty sustaining movements
Quick and impulsive
Anosognosia
Not aware of deficits
HFR

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21
Q

What position is scapula in with spasticity?

A

Retraction
Downward rotation

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22
Q

What position is shoulder on with spasticity?

A

Adduction
IR
Depression

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23
Q

Which was does spasticity start?

A

Distal to proximal

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24
Q

What is the Glasgow coma scale ranges with mile, moderate, severe?

A

Mild- 13-15
Moderate 9-12
Severe- <9

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25
Q

Responds slowly and is confused, decreased interest in environment?

A

Obtunded

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26
Q

Only aroused from sleep w/ painful stimuli, minimal awareness of self and environment?

A

Stupor

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27
Q

What is the mini mental status examination used for , max score, and severe impairment?

A

Cognitive dysfunction
Max score of 30
Severe mental impairment < 15

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28
Q

Loss of contralateral half of vision field in both eyes? Which side should you turn toward?

A

Homonymous hemianopsia
Turn head toward blind side

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29
Q

What is anosognosia?

A

Sever denial
Neglect
Lack of awareness or dysfunction
HFR

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30
Q

What is agnosia?

A

Inability to recognize familiar objects with one sensory modality ( just looking at something wont work)

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31
Q

Inability to perform purposeful movements when there is no loss of sensation, strength, coordination or comprehension?

A

Apraxia

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32
Q

Cannot perform task on command can do when left alone?

A

Ideomotor apraxia

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33
Q

Cannot perform task w/ command or on own?

A

Ideational apraxia

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34
Q

Flexor UE
Extensor LE
Diencephalon lesion

A

Decorticate rigidity

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35
Q

Extensor posturing in LE and UE
Brainstem lesion

A

Decerebrate rigidity

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36
Q

What is Ramistes phenomenon?

A

Resisted hip abduction/add of uninvolved extremity causes same reaction in involved extremity.
Increase tone

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37
Q

What is non equilibrium coordination test vs equilibrium coordination test?

A

Nonequilibrium- perform tasks seated or lying down

Equilibrium- pt performs in standing

38
Q

When is NDT used?

A

During stages 4 + 5 brunnstroms stages of recovery

39
Q

Limited ROM
Tightness
Spasticity
What technique is used?

A

Contract relax

40
Q

Limited ROM
Tightness
Spasm
Pain
What technique is used?

A

Hold relax

41
Q

What is rhythmic rotation and initiation used for?

A

Hypertonicity
Hypertonia

42
Q

What is the D2 flexion and extension?

A

Flexion-ABDuction-ER
Extension- Adduction-IR

43
Q

What is D1 flexion and extension?

A

Flexion- ADDuction-ER
Extension- ABDuction-IR

44
Q

What are the stages of motor control?

A

Mobility
Stability
Controlled mobility
Skill

45
Q

What is a motor program?

A

Set of pre structured muscle commands that initiated result in production of coordinated movement sequence

46
Q

What is a motor plan?

A

Overall strategy for movement

47
Q

Practice of a single motor skill repeatedly one step at a time?

A

Blocked practice

48
Q

Variety of circumstances to increase generalizability and long term retention?

A

Variable practice

49
Q

Continuous practice w/ small amount of rest time?

A

Massed practice

50
Q

Rest time is greater than practice time?

A

Distributed practice

51
Q

What is another name for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis?

A

Lou Gehrigs

52
Q

How much recovery is expected with relapsing remitting?

A

Some recovery

53
Q

How much recovery is expected with primary progressive?

54
Q

What is relapse MS?

A

New onset
S/s getting worse

55
Q

What should temp of pool be for MS?

56
Q

What are frenkel exercises?

A

Supine
Seated
Standing
Walking

57
Q

What stage is when spasticity presents and synergy pattern begins?

58
Q

Spasticity at peak synergies are only movement?

59
Q

Shaken baby syndrome?

A

Diffuse axonal injury

60
Q

Shaken baby syndrome?

A

Diffuse axonal injury

61
Q

What are levels of ranchos Los amigos?

A

1- no response
2- generalized response
3- localized response
4- confused agitated
5-confused inappropriate
6- confused appropriate
7- automatic appropriate

62
Q

What is management for autonomic dysreflexia?

A

Elevate head
Check for irritating stimuli
Call for medical emergency

63
Q

Where does guillian barre start?

A

Distal-proximal

64
Q

What is s/s with myasthenia gravis ?

A

Start w/ eyelid then to facial muscle the to throat/pharynx and respiratory

65
Q

What is the nerve affected with Bell’s palsy?

66
Q

Painful condition that can develop following trauma to the nerve or in the space of nerves?

A

Complex regional pain syndrome

67
Q

What is complex regional pain syndrome 1 and 2?

A

CRPS 1 - s/s w/out nerve injury
CRPS 2- S/s w/ nerve injury

68
Q

Painful sensation/ touch that is not typically painful?

69
Q

What are the stages of complex regional pain syndrome?

A

Increasing pain and dysfunction
Pains worsens, skin and hair changes, joint dysfunction begins
Pain continues, may plateau and other symptoms begin to recess

70
Q

What are s/s of complex regional pain syndrome?

A

Pain, redness, swelling/ edema, hypersensitivity, dysfunction

71
Q

“ tic douloureux”
CN V

A

Trigeminal neuralgia

72
Q

What to not do w/ post polio syndrome?

A

Do not push to fatigue or pain

73
Q

What motor neuron is post polio, myasthenia gravis, guillian barre?

74
Q

Which way does myasthenia gravis progress?

A

Proximal to distal
Cranial- caudal

75
Q

How does guillian barre syndrome progress?

A

Distal-proximal

76
Q

What muscles involved with C5?

A

Bicep
Deltoid

77
Q

What muscles are involved with C6 and what transfer is used?

A

Pec major
ECR
Teres major

Sliding board Mod 1

78
Q

What muscles involved with C7?

A

Triceps
Lat dorsi
Finger ext
FCR

79
Q

What level is lumbricals ( make a fist) ?

80
Q

What level is interossei (finger ABD+ ADD)?

81
Q

Bilateral loss of pain and temp
Hyper flexion cervical
What syndrome?

A

Anterior cord

82
Q

Bilateral loss of proprioception
What syndrome?

A

Posterior cord

83
Q

Flaccid paralysis of bladder and bowel
What spinal cord injury syndrome?

A

Cauda equina

84
Q

Ipsilateral loss of motor function
Contralateral loss of pain and temp
What SCI syndrome?

A

Brown sequard

85
Q

Bilateral loss of pain and temp
Hyper extension cervical
What SCI syndrome?

A

Central cord

86
Q

Complete bilateral loosen of all sensory modalities
What SCI syndrome?

A

Complete cord

87
Q

What is the goal, interventions for SCI?

A

Improve respiratory capacity

88
Q

What is wernickes aphasia?

A

Auditory comprehension and or reading is severely impaired

89
Q

What is brocas aphasia?

A

Speech or writing
Speech/words

90
Q

What type of motor neuron is Parkinson’s disease?

91
Q

What motor neuron is ALS?

A

UMN and LMN

92
Q

What motor neuron is MS?

Board Prep (15 decks)

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