Orthopaedics Flashcards
What are the most significant risk factors for slipped capital femoral epiphysis?
Obesity
Family history
What is the most common hip disorder in adolescents?
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
Where is pain from slipped capital femoral epiphysis felt?
Dull medial thigh, knee, groin or hip pain
When in a child’s life does osteochondritis dissecans occur?
During growth spurts
M > F
10-20 years
What is the most common cause of acute hip pain in children?
Transient synovitis
Recent URTI in 50% of children
What is defective in osteogenesis imperfecta?
Type I collagen synthesis → bone matrix formation (osteogenesis)
What are some of the clinical features of osteogenesis imperfecta?
Growth retardation
Brittle bones, recurrent fractures
Skeletal deformities
Blue sclerae (thin)
Progressive hearing loss (abnormal ossicles)
Brittle, opalescent teeth
What is spondylolisthesis?
Slipping of vertebra
May be due to spondylolysis
What is an antalgic gait?
A limb that develops to avoid weight-bearing on a leg
e.g., sprained ankle
What features best differentiate septic arthritis from osteomyelitis?
Pain on rest (pain with movement only in osteomyelitis)
Limited ROM
Fever is more common
What is the diagnosis and what radiographic sign is being seen?
Osteosarcoma
Sunburst appearance of the bone
Which gender is more affected by Legg-Calve-Perthes disease?
Male
M:F; 5:1
