orthodontic records and diagnosis

Question 1

which records are needed

Answer 1

1) two purposes
- document starting point for tx
- add to the information gathered on clinical exam
2) three categories
- eval teeth
- eval occlusion
- eval facial and jaw proportions

Question 2

standard records

Answer 2

1) questionnaire
2) clinical exam
3) photographs
4) radiographs (CBCT)
5) study cast with bite registration
- intraoral scanner => digital models

Question 3

chief complaint

Answer 3

1) impaired dentofacial esthetics
2) impaired function

Question 4

medical and dental history reviewed

Answer 4

1) trauma history
- condylar fracture
- trauma to teeth

Question 5

medication

Answer 5

1) chronic systemic diseases and metabolic problem
- diabetes, osteoporosis, arthritis
- esp. bisphosphonates slow healing and movement

Question 6

other dental history

Answer 6

1) previous ortho
2) dental and ortho conditions
3) general dental health
4) motivation for treatment

Question 7

physical growth evaluation

Answer 7

1) physical growth status
- rapid growth during adolescent growth spurt facilitates tooth movement and growth modification of jaws
- to determine if a child with CI II skeletal jaw is a candidate for skeletal modification treatment
2) growth charts
- sexual maturity
- weight and height
3) cephalometric radiograph
- evaluate vertebrae maturation to predict remaining growth
4) hand wrist radiograph
5) serial cephs
- ceph at different time points
- superimposition to reveal whether growth has stopped or not
*most accurate to determine ^

Question 8

hand wrist radiograph

Answer 8

1) used for eval of skeletal age and relate to growth status
2) evaluate ossification of the bones
- capping of the middle Phalynx (6 is most important)
3) gold standard

Question 9

cervical vertebrae maturation

Answer 9

1) peak mandibular growth between CVMS II AND III

Question 10

oral health eval

Answer 10

1) dental caries
2) periodontal eval
- active periodontal disease
- potential or actual mucogingival problem
- inadequate attached gingiva around crowded incisors indicates possibility of tissue dehiscence when teeth are aligned

Question 11

evaluation of jaw and occusion

Answer 11

1) mastication
2) swallowing
3) speech
4) jaw function

Question 12

facial proportions

Answer 12

1) symmetry and balance
2) divide face into fifths horizontally
3) divide into thirds vertically

Question 13

bimaxillary protrusion

Answer 13

1) front teeth are far forward, teeth and jaw stick forward

Question 14

divergence of the face

Answer 14

1) posterior divergent
2) anterior divergent

Question 15

mini esthetics

Answer 15

1) posed or social smile
2) emotional smile
3) amount of incisor and gingival display
- full smile: want 100% incisal display (70% mm)
- reposed: want 1-2 mm incisal display

Question 16

transverse dimensions of the smile

Answer 16

1) buccal corridor
- distance between Mx post teeth and inside of the cheek
- minimize buccal corridor

Question 17

tooth lip relationships

Answer 17

1) the smile arc
- contour of upper anterior teeth incisal edge relative to the curvature of lower lip
2) goal: upper incisal edges should match lower lip contour

Question 18

microesthetics

Answer 18

1) tooth proportions
2) golden proportion 1:0.62
3) height width proportions
- width should be 80% of the height

Question 19

extraoral photos

Answer 19

1) frontal rest
2) frontal smiling
3) profile
4) profile smile
5) 3/4 view

Question 20

intraoral photos

Answer 20

1) frontal
2) R and L buccal
3) max and mand occlusal

Question 21

standard radiographs

Answer 21

1) FMX
2) pano
3) lateral ceph

Question 22

radiographic assessment includes

Answer 22

1) dental age
2) missing teeth
3) caries
4) perio
5) impactions
5) root shape and length
6) other pathology

Question 23

lateral ceph

Answer 23

1) evaluate dentofacial proportions and clarify the anatomic basis for a malocclusion

Question 24

study casts

Answer 24

1 )verify clinical examination and photographs
2) arch length analysis
3) bolton analysis (tooth size discrepancy)
4) bite registration is wax

Question 25

intraoral scanner

Answer 25

1) make digital models and computer can model the teeth