introduction

Question 1

pierre robin sequence

Answer 1

1) micrognathia
- but mandible can “catch up” in growth

Question 2

growth

Answer 2

1) increase in size or number
- generally with anatomic reference
2) negative growth is rare

Question 3

development

Answer 3

1) increase in complexity
2) new capabilities, often bigger and better

Question 4

growth pattern

Answer 4

1) complex set of proportional relationship
- predictable changes in the body proportions over time as the individual grows

Question 5

cephalocaudal gradient of growth

Answer 5

1) head and face 50% - 25%
-contributes less and less to total body length
- infant has much larger cranium and smaller face
2) different tissue systems that grow at different rates are concentrated in various parts of the body
3) mandible tends to grow more and later than the maxilla, which is closer to the brain

Question 6

face is built on the brain

Answer 6

1) structures closer to the brain grow earlier and less later
2) mandible is less developed at an early point and grows more postnatally

Question 7

hydrocephaly

Answer 7

1) enlarged cranium

Question 8

microcephaly

Answer 8

1) reduced cranium

Question 9

scammons curves

Answer 9

1) genital near adulthood
2) general spikes after birth and after puberty
3) neural spikes after birth and plateaus
4) lymphoid spikes at 10 years and decreases

Question 10

variability

Answer 10

1) purpose is to summarize data into comparison
2) central tendency is called the mean
3) variation is standard deviation

Question 11

craniometry

Answer 11

1) measurement of human skulls

Question 12

antropometry

Answer 12

1) measurements on living individuals

Question 13

cephalometric radiography

Answer 13

1) using x-ray pictures of the skeleton of the head
2) precise positioning
3) direct measurement of the skeleton and soft tissue
4) 2D representation of 3D image

Question 14

three dimensional imaging

Answer 14

1) CAT or CT, or CBCT
2) superimposition of 3D images is much more difficult than 2D