Oro-facial infections Flashcards
Are bacterial or viral pharyngitis infections more common?
Viral
Name 3 bacteria that commonly use pharyngitis
Beta haemolytic streptococci
C. diphtheria
C. ulcerans
Describe the difference between alpha, beta and gamma haemolytic streptococci on agar
Alpha = partial haemolysis = green
Beta = full haemolysis = clear
Gamma =no haemolysis = no reaction
If patient culture shows streptococcus infection what should you treat them with?
Systemic antibiotic therapy
What are the risks associated with streptococci such as S. pyogenes?
Infection control hazard
What are the complications of S. pyogenes infection?
Quinsy
Scarlet fever
Systemic sepsis
How does scarlet fever present?
In children causing strawberry tongue and sandpaper-like skin rash
What is the effect of C. diphtheriae infection?
Diptheria toxin causing inhibitor of protein synthesis
What type of bacteria are arcanobacterium haemolytic?
Gram positive bacillus
Arcanobacterium haemolytic bacterium appear similar to beta haemolytic streptococci on agar, how can you distinguish?
Gram stain
Arcano = positive
strep = negative
Peritonsillar abscess (quinsy) are often caused by what bacteria?
Streptococcus group A (S. pyogenes)
Why should patients with quinsy be isolated?
Most likely have a group A streptococci infection which is highly infective and an infection control hazard
Is gonorrhoea gram-positive or negative?
Negative
Gonorrhoea is fastidious, what does this mean?
Hard to culture
What bacteria causes syphilis?
Treponema pallidum
How is syphilis transmitted?
Sexually transmitted
How can syphillis present orally?
Lesions on tongue ring-like
How is syphilis diagnosed?
Serology tests, PCR using swabs
How does mycobacterium tuberculosis infection present orally?
Pain and ulceration in posterior part of mouth secondary to pulmonary infection
How does a viral infection of salivary glands present?
Mumps
What is associated with bacterial infections of salivary gland infections?
Reduced salivary flow, abnormal anatomy, blockages
