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Immunology Exam 1 > Organs Of The Immune System > Flashcards

Organs Of The Immune System Flashcards

1
Q

What immunity is mediated by lymphocytes found within lymphoid organs?

A

Adaptive immunity

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2
Q

What is it called when an immune system attacks itself?

A

Autoimmune

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3
Q

What is the role of lymphocytes when they reside in secondary lymphoid organs?

A

Encounter and respond to foreign antigens

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4
Q

What are the major secondary lymphoid organs?

A

Lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, tonsils, and peyer’s patches within intestines

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5
Q

What are the primary lymphoid organs?

A

Thymus, bursa, peyer’s patches, and bone marrow

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6
Q

What is the role of the primary lymphoid organs?

A

Develop lymphocytes

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7
Q

What is the ectododermal junction or endoderm the origin of?

A

Primary lymphoid organs

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8
Q

What is the time of development for the primary lymphoid organs?

A

Early in embryonic life

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9
Q

What happens when you remove a primary lymphoid organ?

A

Loss of lymphocytes

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10
Q

What type of response to an antigen is produced by primary lymphoid organs?

A

Unresponsive

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11
Q

What is the origin of secondary lymphoid organs?

A

Mesoderm

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12
Q

When are secondary lymphoid organs developed?

A

Late in fetal life

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13
Q

What is the effect of removing secondary lymphoid organs?

A

No or minor effects

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14
Q

What type of response do secondary lymphoid organs have to antigens?

A

Full response

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15
Q

Where is the thymus located?

A

Cranial thoracic cavity

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16
Q

What does the thymus produce?

A

Hormones

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17
Q

As you age, what happens to the number of lymphocytes?

A

They decrease

18
Q

If you remove an animals thymus, what happens to the thymic hormones?

A

Decrease in hours

19
Q

If you remove an animals thymus, what happens to the blood t cells?

A

Decrease in 1 week

20
Q

If you remove an animals thymus, what happens to the spleen t cells?

A

Decrease in 1 month

21
Q

If you remove an animals thymus, what would happen if the animal had a skin graft surgery?

A

The animals immune system would not reject it as it would if the animal had it’s thymus

22
Q

If you remove an animals thymus, what happens to the antibodies?

A

They decrease slightly

23
Q

What are 2 examples of congenital athymic animals?

A

Nude mouse and Mexican hairless dog

24
Q

Why do hairless rats skin grafts survive if the don’t have a thymus?

A

There is no cellular immune response to reject the graft

25
Q

What is an example of a primary lymphoid tissue of a chicken?

A

Bursa of Fabricius

26
Q

What is the main effect of a thymectomy?

A

Decrease in cellular immune response

27
Q

What is the major effect of a bursectomy?

A

Decrease in antibodies

28
Q

What are group 1 animals that have Peyer’s patches?

A

Ruminants, pigs, horses, dogs, humans

29
Q

What are group 2 animals that have Peyer’s patches?

A

Primates, rabbits, rodents

30
Q

For group 2 animals, what is probably the source of B cells?

A

Bone marrow

31
Q

Do lymphocytes mature in organs?

A

No

32
Q

What system is made of open-ended vessels that return extravascular fluid from the periphery to the heart and blood?

A

Lymphatic system

33
Q

What are distributed throughout the lymphatics that act as series of small filtering stations?

A

Lymph nodes

34
Q

What is the main job of the dendritic cells?

A

Present pathogen to t and B cells to develop an immune response

35
Q

What secondary lymphoid tissue has a high presence of dendritic cells?

A

High endothelial venule

36
Q

Why is bone marrow the secondary immune response after a vaccine?

A

Some cells differentiate memory cells which migrate and survive in the bone marrow

37
Q

Where is the primary immune response after a vaccine?

A

Lymph node or spleen

38
Q

What does MALT stand for?

A

Mucous-associated lymphoid tissue

39
Q

If a cat has a skin infection on its paws, what lymph node will likely be swollen?

A

Axillary

40
Q

What arises from bone marrow stem cells?

A

All lymphocytes

Immunology Exam 1 (8 decks)

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