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Immunology Exam 1 > Cellular Annate Immunity > Flashcards

Cellular Annate Immunity Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name of bone-marrow derived cells?

A

Neutrophils

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2
Q

What type of cells are called polymorphonuclear?

A

Neutrophils

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3
Q

What cells have neutral cytoplasm granules?

A

Neutrophils

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4
Q

What type of cells are sequestered in liver, spleen, bone marrow and lungs?

A

Neutrophils

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5
Q

What type of cells delivery a rapid response to invaders?

A

Neutrophils

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6
Q

What type of cells are first line of defense and are phagocytic?

A

Neutrophils

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7
Q

Where are neutrophils located?

A

Blood circulation

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8
Q

What is the sequence of Rolling- Adherence-Emigration-Chemotaxis of?

A

Neutrophils

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9
Q

What migrates to high chemokine concentrations?

A

Neutrophils

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10
Q

What are mannose binding lectin, fibronectin, complement, antibodies?

A

Opsonins

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11
Q

What type of traps prevent microorganisms from spreading, captures and kills bacteria, and made of DNA strands?

A

Neutrophil extracellular traps

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12
Q

Do neutrophils kill smaller or bigger microorganisms?

A

Bigger

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13
Q

What process involves- Microorganism is engulfed- Phagosome- and Microorganisms destruction?

A

Ingestion

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14
Q

Hypochlorite, Hydrogen peroxide, superoxide, and singlet oxygen, are example of what type of species?

A

Reactive oxygen species- Respiratory burst

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15
Q

When are reactive oxygen species produced?

A

By neutrophils in the presence of pathogens

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16
Q

What does CD stand for?

A

Cluster of differentiation

17
Q

Do neutrophils have receptors for complement proteins? What are they called?

A

Complement receptors

18
Q

Antibody receptor, complement receptor, and cell adhesion molecules all make up what?

A

Neutrophil receptors- CD

19
Q

What are bone marrow-derived cells called when they are in the blood stream?

A

Monocytes

20
Q

What type of cells produce cytokines and chemokines?

A

Macrophages

21
Q

What type of cells are long-lived and sentinel?

A

Macrophages

22
Q

Which cells main role is in inflammation and tissue repair?

A

Macrophages

23
Q

What are macrophages called when they are found in the serosa, bone marrow, spleen, lymph nodes?

A

Macrophages

24
Q

What are macrophages called when they are found in the brain?

A

Macrophages

25
Q

What are macrophages called when they are found in connective tissue?

A

Histiocytes

26
Q

What are macrophages called when they are found in the liver?

A

Kupffer cells

27
Q

What are macrophages called when they are found in the lungs?

A

Alveolar and intravascular macrophages

28
Q

What cells migrate from blood vessels to tissues?

A

Macrophages

29
Q

What cells are increased and sustained phagocytic activity as compared with neutrophils?

A

Macrophages

30
Q

What are Nitrogen dioxide, nitrate, dinitrogen tetroxide, and nitryl chloride examples of?

A

Reactive nitrogen species- macrophages

31
Q

What are the 2 types of macrophage polarizations?

A

M1 and M2

32
Q

What type of macrophage polarization is: Host defense- inflammation?

A

M1

33
Q

What type of macrophage polarization is: Suppress inflammation- tissue repair?

A

M2

34
Q

What are transport, cytokine, complement, antibody, and other receptors examples of?

A

Macrophage receptors

35
Q

In dogs, where does the majority of bacteria clearance by macrophages done by?

A

Liver/spleen

36
Q

In cats, where does the majority of bacteria clearance by macrophages done by?

A

Lungs

37
Q

What is the result of neutrophil enzymes degraded, and cytokines and lipids not released?

A

Removal of dying neutrophils

38
Q

Persistent infection and inflammation, continuous M2 polarization, and increased fibroblast proliferation and collagen deposition are examples of what type of inflammation?

A

Chronic inflammation

39
Q

What does chronic inflammation result in?

A

Granuloma

Immunology Exam 1 (8 decks)

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