organization of organisms

Question 1

function of cell membrane

Answer 1

partially permeable membrane that controls the movement of substances into and out of 
the cell

Question 2

cytoplasm function

Answer 2

site of many chemical reactions that take place in the cell

Question 3

nucleus function

Answer 3

controls all the activities of the cell (the cell’s metabolism)

Question 4

vacuoles function

Answer 4

help the cell to stay rigid
some substances can be stored in them

Question 5

cell wall function

Answer 5

provides shape and support to the cell
prevents the cell from bursting when it absorbs water

Question 6

chloroplasts function

Answer 6

site of photosynthesis in the cell
may contain starch grains that act as food stores

Question 7

bacterial cells consist of:

Answer 7

cell wall
cell membrane
cytoplasm
ribosomes
circular DNA , containing the genetic material
plasmids

Question 8

root hair cell function

Answer 8

absorbs water and dissolved mineral ions from the soil

Question 9

palisade mesophyll cell function

Answer 9

photosynthesis in the leaves

Question 10

ciliated epithelial cell function

Answer 10

moving mucus in the trachea and bronchi of the lungs

Question 11

neurone function

Answer 11

conducting electrical impulses to different parts of the body

Question 12

red blood cell function

Answer 12

transport of oxygen around the body in the bloodstream

Question 13

root hair cell structure

Answer 13

finger-like extension to provide a large surface area to volume ratio for absorption to happen

Question 14

palisade mesophyll cell structure

Answer 14

contains many chloroplasts
tall box shape to absorb a lot of light passing through

Question 15

ciliated epithelial cell structure

Answer 15

cilia are hair-like extensions of the cell

Question 16

neurone structure

Answer 16

the axon is long so it can conduct impulses to distant parts of the body

Question 17

red blood cell structure

Answer 17

contains haemoglobin, the red protein which transports oxygen
no nucleus, increasing the volume inside for many haemoglobin molecules
biconcave shape provides a large surface area to volume ratio for absorption to happen

Question 18

levels of cellular organization:

Answer 18

cell, tissue, organ, organ system and organism

Question 19

what are tissues?

Answer 19

a group of cells with similar structures, that work together to carry out a shared function

Question 20

what are organs?

Answer 20

group of tissues that work together to carry out specific functions

Question 21

what are organ systems?

Answer 21

a group of organs with related functions, which work together to carry out body functions

Question 22

what are plasmids?

Answer 22

small loops of DNA containing a few genes that can be transferred to other bacteria