organisation: plants

Question 1

what is the function of the epidermal tissue

Answer 1

cover the leaf

Question 2

what is the function of the palisade tissue

Answer 2

absorb light for photosynthesis

Question 3

how id the palisade tissue adapted for its function

Answer 3

close towards the upper surface of the leaf, they are packed with chlorolasts and arranged closely together

Question 4

what is the function os the spongy mesophyll

Answer 4

gas exchange

Question 5

how is the spongy mesophyll adapted for its function

Answer 5

cells packed loosely to allow gaps between cells and cells are covered by a thing layer of water which gases dissolve in

Question 6

what is the function of the xylem

Answer 6

transport water and dissolved mineral around the plant

Question 7

how is the xylem adapted for its function

Answer 7

they are a dead hollow tube strengthened by lignin

Question 8

what us the function of the phloem

Answer 8

transport sugars around the plant

Question 9

how is the phloem adapted for its function

Answer 9

the cells do not contain a nucleus and it is supported by companion cells. the end of each cell had a siege plate to allow free movement of substances from cell to cell

Question 10

what is the functions of meristems

Answer 10

plant stem celles that differentiate into specialised cells throughout the life of a plant

Question 11

where are the meristems found in the plant

Answer 11

shoots and roots

Question 12

what are the stomata

Answer 12

small pores on the underside of the lead that allow gases such as oxygen, carbon dioxide and water vapour to diffuse through

Question 13

what is the function of the guard cells

Answer 13

open and close the stomata ti control water loss

Question 14

what is the function of the roots

Answer 14

anchorage and absorbtion of the water and mineral ions

Question 15

how are the root hair cells adapted for their function

Answer 15

large surface area, thin surface membrane for a short diffusion pathway and lots of mitochondria

Question 16

what is absorbed by osmosis by the roots

Answer 16

water

Question 17

what is absorbed by active transport by the roots

Answer 17

mindral ions

Question 18

what is transpiration

Answer 18

the transport of water through the xylem from the roots to the leaf. it does not require energy

Question 19

what is translocation

Answer 19

the transport of sugar through thr phloem both upwards and downwards. requires energy

Question 20

what happens to the rate of transpiration if the temperature is increased and why

Answer 20

it increases because theres is increased evaporation from the cell surfaces and the rate of diffusion of water molecules from the lead are increased

Question 21

what happens to the rate of transpiration if humity decreases and why

Answer 21

it decreases. the increased humidity decreases the concentration gradient between water in the leaf and water in the air so rate of diffusion of the water from the leaf decreases

Question 22

what happens to the rate of transpiration if the air movement increases and why

Answer 22

it increases the air flow removes water vapour from leaf surfaces and so more water diffuses from the leaf

Question 23

what happens to the rate of transpiration if light intensity increase and why

Answer 23

it increases, the light intensity increase the rate of photosynthesis so the stomata open so there js increased diffusion of water out the leaf