cell transport Flashcards
def diffusion
spreading out of particles of any substance in a solution or particles of gas
causing net movement
from and area of high concentration
to lower concentration
what substances in animals and plants are transported in and out by diffusion
oxygen carbon dioxide and urea
def how difference in concentration affects diffusion rate
increased concentration gradient increases diffusion rate
how does temp effect diffusion
increased tenp increases rate of diffusion
particles have more kinetic energy
move faster
def how surface area of membrame effects diffusion rate
increased surface area increases diffusion rate
def how single cell organisms adopted for diffusion
large surface area to volume ratio
def how small intestine adapted for gas exchange
long
has villi for large surface area
thin cell mem for short diff pathway
rich bloodu supply for maintain steep concentration gradient
lots mitochondria
def how lungs adapted for gas exchange
lots alveoli for lsa
thin membrane for short diff pathway good ventilation and rich blood supply for steep concentration gradient
def how gills in fish adapt for exchange
lsa,
thin mem for short diff pathway
, good ventilation and blood supply to maintain steep concentration gradient
def how roots adapted for exchange
lsa
thin mem for short diff pathway
and lots of mitochondria for active transport
def how leaves adapted for exchange
lsa
thin mem for short diff pathway
def osmosis
movement of water
dilute to concentrated
through partially permeable mem
def active transport
movement of substances
more dilute solution to more concentrated
against concentration gradient
requires energy
give example of active transport in animals
absorption of sugar in gut
from low to high concentration
give example of active transport in plants
absoption of mineral ions into plant root hairs
