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biology > cell structure > Flashcards

cell structure Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is a eukaryotic cell

A

a plant or animal cell that has a cell membrane, cytoplasm and genetic material is enclosed in a nucleus

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2
Q

what is a prokaryotic cell

A

a cell in which the genetic material is not enclosed in a nucleus, dna found as a loop in the cell, may be one or more plasmids

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3
Q

what js a plasmid

A

a small ring of dna

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4
Q

what type of cell is a bacterial cell

A

prokaryotic

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5
Q

what is the size comparison between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

A

prokaryotic is much smaller

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6
Q

nucleus function

A

control the cell

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7
Q

cytoplasm function

A

site of chemical reactions

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8
Q

cell membrane function

A

control what enters and leave

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9
Q

mitochondria function

A

site of respiration

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10
Q

ribosome function

A

protien synthesise

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11
Q

chloroplast function

A

site of photosynthesis

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12
Q

permanent vacuole function

A

supports the cell and contains sap

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13
Q

how is the cell wall strengthened

A

cellulose

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14
Q

what foes a plant cell contain that an animal cell doesnt

A

chloroplasts cell wall and vacuole

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15
Q

sperm cell function

A

carry fathers genetic information and fertilise the egg

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16
Q

how is the sperm cell adapted

A

streamlined shape nucleus contains one set of chromosomes lots of mitochondria for respiration contains digestive enzymes

17
Q

what is the function of a nerve cell

A

transmit electrical impulses around the body

18
Q

how is the nerve cell adapted

A

long and lots of dendrites to make connections with lots of ither cells

19
Q

muscle cell function

A

contract and relax to bring about movement

20
Q

how is muscle cell adapted

A

lots of mitochondria for respiration

21
Q

root hair cell function

A

absorb mineral ions and water from soil

22
Q

how is root hair cell adaoted

A

large surface area and lots of mitochondria for respiration

23
Q

xylem function

A

transport water around the plant

24
Q

how are xylem adapted

A

few cell structures and so they are dead for more space and supported by lignin

25
Q

phloem function

A

transport sugar around the plant

26
Q

how are phloem adapted

A

few cell structures and supported by companion cells

27
Q

what are advantages electrin microscopes

A

higher magnification and higher resolution

28
Q

what are the benefits of electron microscope

A

can examine cell on much finer detail and had left better understanding of sub cellular structures

29
Q

what is magnification formula

A

magnification =size of image/ size of real object

biology (17 decks)

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