Organisation of Cells in a Tissue Flashcards
Name the 4 basic tissue types
Connective
Muscle
Epithelium
Nervous
Name the 3 major salivary glands
Parotid
Submandibular
Sublingual
What is different about the ducts found in the salivary glands?
They are striated meaning they modify the saliva (remove salt to make hypotonic to blood) instead of just passively carrying saliva
Name the 4 layers found in the tubes of the digestive tract
Mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis Externa
Serosa / Adventitia
Describe the Mucosa
Has 3 parts
- Epithelium, sits on basal lamina
- Lamina propria, loose connective tissue
- Muscularis Mucosae, thin layer of smooth muscle
Describe the submucosa
loose connective tissue
Describe the Muscularis Externa
Two thick layers of smooth muscle (inner circular and outer longitudinal layer)
Describe the Serosa / Adventitia
Outer layer of connective tissue, responsible for suspension or attachment to other organs
Describe protective mucosa
non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
found in oral cavity, pharynx, oesophagus, and anal canal
Describe Absorptive mucosa
Simple columnar epithelium with villi and tubular glands
found in small intestine
Describe secretory mucosa
Simple columnar epithelium with many tubular glands
found in stomach
Describe mucosa which is protective and absorptive
simple columnar epithelium with tubular glands
found in large intestine
What is the nervous tissue in the digestive tract called?
Enteric nervous system
Receives signals from autonomic nerves but can coordinate gut motility locally
What are the groups in which neurons live called?
Ganglia
Found between muscular layers of muscularis externa
Where is respiratory epithelium found?
In trachea
What produces the viscous fluid which coats the airway?
Goblet cells and submucosal glands
Cilia sweep fluid out of airway
Describe the difference between the bronchi and the bronchioles
Bronchi - large diameter, walls contain hyaline cartilage
Bronchioles - smaller diameter, no cartilage but contain smooth muscle
What lines the alveoli?
Simple squamous epithelium
What hexagonal structure makes the structure of the liver?
Lobules
What is within each lobule?
Branch of hepatic portal vein and artery
Central vein (drains to hepatic vein)
Hepatic sinusoids (carries blood from central vein to hepatic)
Sheets of Hepatocytes (liver cells)
What forms a portal triad?
Branch of hepatic portal vein
Bile duct
Hepatic arteriole
What makes the pancreas unusual as a gland?
Is is exocrine and endocrine
What does the exocrine pancreas do?
Produce digestive juices containing proteases (break down proteins) lipases (break down lipids) and nucleases (break down DNA/RNA)
These enter duodenum through pancreatic duct
What does the endocrine pancreas do?
Produce various hormones including insulin (islets of Langerhans)
