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Chemistry (Tara) > Organic chemistry reactions > Flashcards

Organic chemistry reactions Flashcards

1
Q

how many free radical substitutions to know

A

1

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2
Q

how many ionic addition reactions to know

A

5

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3
Q

example of free radical substitution reaction

A

CH4 + Cl2 -> CH3Cl + HCl

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4
Q

CH4 + Cl2 -> CH3Cl + HCl

reagent

A

chlorine

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5
Q

CH4 + Cl2 -> CH3Cl + HCl

condition

A

u.v light

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6
Q

what undergoes free radical substitutions

A

alkanes

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7
Q

what undergoes ionic addition reactions

A

alkenes

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8
Q

what type of ionic addition reaction is this

C2H4 + H2 -> C2H6

A

hydrogenation

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9
Q

reagent: C2H4 + H2 -> C2H6

A

hydrogen

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10
Q

condition: C2H4 + H2 -> C2H6

A

Ni catalyst and 200º C

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11
Q

what is this: C2H4 + Br2 -> C2H4Br2

A

addition of bromine: test for unsaturation

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12
Q

reagent: C2H4 + Br2 -> C2H4Br2

A

bromine

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13
Q

condition: C2H4 + Br2 -> C2H4Br2

A

none

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14
Q

function of this: C2H4 + Cl2 -> C2H4Cl

A

1st stage in synthesis of PVC from ethene

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15
Q

reagent: C2H4 + Cl2 -> C2H4Cl

A

chlorine

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16
Q

condition: C2H4 + Cl2 -> C2H4Cl

A

none

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17
Q

what type of reaction is this? C2H4 + HCl -> C2H5Cl

A

ionic addition reaction

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18
Q

reagent: C2H4 + HCl -> C2H5Cl

A

hydrogen chloride

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19
Q

reagent: C2H4 + H2O -> C2H5OH

A

water

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20
Q

condition: C2H4 + H2O -> C2H5OH

A

none

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21
Q

what type of reaction is a dehydration reaction

A

elimination reaction

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22
Q

dehydration reaction example

A

C2H5OH -> C2H4 + H2O

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23
Q

condition: C2H5OH -> C2H4 + H2O

A

Al2O3 + heat

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24
Q

function of this elimination reaction: C2H4Cl2 -> C2H3Cl + HCl

A

2nd stage in synthesis of PVC from ethene

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25
Q

C2H3Cl 2 names

A

chloroethene

vinyl chloride

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26
Q

oxidation of primary alcohols to

A

aldehydes

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27
Q

reagents: C2H5OH -> CH3CHO

A

sodium dichromate (VI), sulphuric acid, water

28
Q

conditions: C2H5OH -> CH3CHO

A

heat, antidumping granules

29
Q

apparatus: C2H5OH -> CH3CHO

A

distillation

30
Q

reagents: C2H5OH -> CH3COOH

A

sodium dichromate (VI), sulphuric acid, water

31
Q

conditions: C2H5OH -> CH3COOH

A

heat, antibumping granules

32
Q

apparatus: C2H5OH -> CH3COOH

A

reflux

33
Q

secondary alcohol oxidised to

A

ketone

34
Q

propan-2-ol oxidised to

A

propanone

35
Q

propan-2-ol molecular formula

A

CH3CH(OH)CH3

36
Q

propane formula

A

CH3COCH3

37
Q

reagents: CH3CH(OH)CH3 -> CH3COCH3

A

sodium dichromate (VI), sulphuric acid, water

38
Q

conditions: CH3CH(OH)CH3 -> CH3COCH3

A

heat, antibumping granules

39
Q

one example of a type of condensation reaction

A

esterification reaction

40
Q

esterification reaction general

A

carboxylic acid + alcohol ester + water

41
Q

example of condensation reaction

A

CH3COOH + C2H5OH -> CH3COOC2H5 + H2O

42
Q

condition:CH3COOH + C2H5OH -> CH3COOC2H5 + H2O

A

heat

concentrated sulphuric acid

43
Q

function of concentrated sulphuric acid

A

catalyst

dehydrating agent to favour the forward reaction

44
Q

what is produced when you react alcohol as an acid with sodium metal

A

salt and hydrogen gas

45
Q

what is produced when you reaction ethanol with sodium

A

sodium ethoxide and hydrogen gas

46
Q

sodium ethoxide

A

C2H5ONa

47
Q

reduction of a carboxylic acid x2

A

aldehyde and then primary alcohol

48
Q

reagent for reduction reactions

A

hydrogen

49
Q

catalyst for reduction reactions

A

nickel

50
Q

equation for reduction of ethaonic acid x2

A

CH3COOH + H2 -> CH3CHO -> C2H5OH

51
Q

equation for reduction of propanone

A

CH3COCH3 + H2 -> CH3CH(OH)CH3

52
Q

carboxylic acid + metal ->

A

salt + hydrogen gas

53
Q

carboxylic acid + metal carbonate ->

A

salt + water + carbon dioxide

54
Q

reacting ethanoic acid with any type of metal, what do you get

A

… ethanoate

55
Q

what are aldehydes compared to all other homologous series?

A

great reducing agents

56
Q

condition for all aldehyde tests

A

heat

57
Q

aldehyde + acidified potassium manganate (VII)

A

CH3CHO + Mn (+7) -> CH3COOH + Mn (+2)

58
Q

aldehyde + fehling’s solution

A

CH3CHO + Cu(+2) -> CH3COOH + Cu(+1)

59
Q

aldehyde + tollen’s reagent

A

CH3CHO + Ag(+1) -> CH3COOH + Ag(0)

60
Q

what are all of these
aldehyde + acidified potassium manganate (VII)
aldehyde + fehling’s solution
aldehyde + tollen’s reagent

A

diagnostic tests to show the presence of an aldehyde

61
Q

PVC

A

polychloroethene

62
Q

polystyrene

A

polophenylethene

63
Q

base hydrolysis of an ester is called

A

saponification reaction

64
Q

ester + base ->

A

alcohol + salt of carboxylic acid

65
Q

salt of carboxylic acid

A

soap

66
Q

example of saponification reaction

A

Glycerol tristerate + NaOH -> Glycerol + sodium sterate

Chemistry (Tara) (50 decks)

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