Atomic theory 7

Question 1

Define compound

Answer 1

A compound is a substance that is made up of two or more elements combined together chemically.

Question 2

What must be present between the atoms to make the elements combine together?

Answer 2

Some type of attractive forces present between the atoms.

Question 3

What is the name of the forces of attractions that are present between atoms?

Answer 3

Chemical bonds

Question 4

Define an element

Answer 4

An element is defined as a substance that cannot be reduced to other simpler substances by chemical means or produced by combining simpler substances.

Question 5

Who put forward the definition of an element and when?

Answer 5

Sir Robert Boyle, early 1900’s

Question 6

Define the octet rule

Answer 6

This rule states that when atoms bond, most atoms tend to want an electron arrangement of eight electrons in their outermost shell (energy level).

Question 7

Are there any exceptions to the octet rule?

Answer 7

Yes many

Question 8

Do noble gases form chemical bonds with other atoms?

Answer 8

Not often

Question 9

Why do noble gases not normally form chemical bonds with other atoms?

Answer 9

As they have eight electrons in their outermost energy level and hence are very stable on their own.

Question 10

Do noble gases have full outer shells?

Answer 10

Yes

Question 11

Define valency

Answer 11

The valency of an atom tells us the number of chemical bonds an atom can form.

Question 12

What determines the valency?

Answer 12

The number of electrons in the outermost shell.

Question 13

What will atoms do to attain a full ‘octet’?

Answer 13

Share, lose or gain electrons

Question 14

Valency of group 1

Answer 14

1

Question 15

Valency of group 2

Answer 15

2

Question 16

Valency of group 3

Answer 16

3

Question 17

Valency of group 4

Answer 17

4 (common)

Question 18

Valency of group 5

Answer 18

3 (common)

Question 19

Valency of group 6

Answer 19

2 (common)

Question 20

Valency of group 7

Answer 20

1

Question 21

Valency of group 8

Answer 21

0

Question 22

What is the formula of magnesium chloride?

Answer 22

n

Question 23

What is the formula of hydrogen sulphide?

Answer 23

n

Question 24

What is the formula of aluminium oxide?

Answer 24

n

Question 25

Carbon dioxide

Answer 25

CO2

Question 26

Carbon monoxide

Answer 26

CO

Question 27

Nitrogen monoxide

Answer 27

NO

Question 28

Nitrogen dioxide

Answer 28

NO2

Question 29

Sulfur dioxide

Answer 29

SO2

Question 30

Sulfur trioxide

Answer 30

SO3

Question 31

Phosphourous (V) chloride

Answer 31

PCl5

Question 32

Dinitrogen tetraoxide

Answer 32

N2O4

Question 33

Hydroxide ion

Answer 33

OH-

Question 34

Ammonium ion

Answer 34

NH4 +

Question 35

Nitrate ion

Answer 35

NO3 -

Question 36

Sulphate ion

Answer 36

SO4 2-

Question 37

Sulphite ion

Answer 37

SO3 2-

Question 38

Thiosulphate ion

Answer 38

S2O3 2-

Question 39

Hydrogencarbonate ion

Answer 39

HCO3 -

Question 40

Carbonate ion

Answer 40

CO3 -2

Question 41

Dicromate (VI) ion

Answer 41

Cr2O7 2-

Question 42

Manganate (VII) ion

Answer 42

MnO4 -

Question 43

Hypochlorite ion

Answer 43

ClO-

Question 44

phosphate ion

Answer 44

PO4 3-

Question 45

Peroxide ion

Answer 45

O2 2-

Question 46

most of the radicals end in ate and ite

Answer 46

means oxygen is part of the ion