organic chem -- learning gaps

Question 1

name the hydrocarbons by number prefix 1-10

Answer 1

methane
ethane
propane
butane
pentane (they hit the penagon)
hexane
heptane
octane
nonane (wtf???????)
decane (Decade)

Question 2

prefix of organic group depends on? (number of…)

Answer 2

longest continuous chain

Question 3

what is a shoot off from the main carbon chain called

Answer 3

– thyl
like methyl is CH3!

Question 4

naming steps for hydrocarbons

Answer 4

1. id longest continous chain (prefix)
2. id funcitional groups (alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, carb. acids, aldehydes, ketones, esters)
3. carbon number that the side chain is attached to – shortest one UNLESS theres a functional grp then u start w thst one

Question 5

naming format for hydrocarbons!

Answer 5

(number:side chain) - number of/sidechain /prefix (number based on longest chain) - (number: functional grp) - functional grp

eg. 2,3-dimethylpentane

Question 6

if there is a cyclic component to the hydrocarbon then where does it go in the name?

Answer 6

eg methylcyclohexane

Question 7

difference between alkene and alkane

Answer 7

alkenes have double bonds

Question 8

how to name esters

Answer 8

esters are the thing that is carboxylic acid and alcohol
- alcohol –> carboxylic (the one with =O)
- name alcohol: –thyl
- name carboxylic acid: —oate
eg ethyl propanoate

Question 9

how to name carboxamides

Answer 9

replace the alkane -e with -amide
eg -ethanamide
- if there are side chains linked to the N, name it thru N-
eg N linked to 2 CH3 = N,N-