Organic Analysis

Question 1

Outline the test for alcohols and what the results are

Answer 1

Use acidified potassium dichromate.
Primary & Secondary Alcohols = turn green
Tertiary Alcohols = stay orange

Question 2

Outline the 2 tests for Aldehydes and what results they give

Answer 2

Test 1:
Use warmed Tollen’s reagent.
Aldehyde = Silver mirror
No Aldehyde = Colourless

Test 2:
Use warmed Fehling’s solution
Aldehyde = Brick Red Precipitation
No Aldehyde = Stays blue

Question 3

Outline the test for alkenes and the results

Answer 3

Use bromine water
If unsaturated (C=C) = Colourless
If saturated = Stays orange-brown

Question 4

Outline the test for Carboxylic Acids and the results

Answer 4

React with sodium carbonate to produce CO2
Test gas with limewater - cloudy if CO2 present

Question 5

Define IR Spectroscopy

Answer 5

Analytical Technique - Infrared Radiation determines functional groups in organic compounds

Question 6

Outline how IR Spectroscopy works

Answer 6

Different bond types absorb R in different amounts - measured and recorded - make curves so identified