Amines + Amides + Ammonium Salts

Question 1

What is an Amine?

Answer 1

Organic compound with NH3 group

Question 2

What are primary, secondary, tertiary amines?

Answer 2

Primary = bonded to 1 C/R group
Secondary = bonded to 2C /R groups
Tertiary = bonded to 3 C/R groups

Question 3

How do you name primary amines ?

Answer 3

Prefix = No of C atoms + -yl ending
Suffix = amine
e.g: Methylamine

Question 4

How do you name secondary and tertiary amines?

Answer 4

Same as primary but add
Di to prefix for secondary
Tri to prefix for tertiary
e.g Di/Trimethylamine

Question 5

How do you name amines with different positions?

Answer 5

Prefix = number + amino
Suffix = carbon chain number
e.g: 1-aminopentane

Question 6

Outline the difference between ammonia and ammonium

Answer 6

Ammonia = NH3
Ammonium = NH4+

Question 7

What type of amine does ammonium form?

Answer 7

Quaternary Ammonium Salt

Question 8

Outline the definition of an Amide

Answer 8

NH3 + Carbonyl

Question 9

How do you name primary amide compounds?

Answer 9

Prefix = number of C atoms
Middle = -an- shows C-C bond
Suffix = -amide
e.g: Methanamide

Question 10

Outline how you name Secondary/Tertiary Amides

Answer 10

Same as primary but more prefix
Smaller branch add N - C number -yl
e.g: N-methyl ethanamide

Question 11

Outline the reaction of amines and acids (e.g HCl)

Answer 11

NH3 + HCl -> NH4Cl (ammonium chloride)

Question 12

Outline the roles of ammonia and the acid in the reactions

Answer 12

Ammonia = base/H+ Acceptor
Acid = H+ donor

Question 13

Outline the bonding process in Amine + Acid reactions

Answer 13

NH3 uses dative covalent bond to attract H+ on acid to form NH4+
NH4+ and negative ion form ionic bond