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General Biology II > Organelles > Flashcards

Organelles Flashcards

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1
Q

Nucleus - composition

A

double membrane

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2
Q

Nucleus- contains

A

genetic material

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3
Q

Nucleus - functions

A

pores in membrane that control entry and exit of substances in and out of the nucleus

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4
Q

Ribosome - function

A

translate mRNA into proteins

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5
Q

Ribosomes - sorts (2)

A

bound and free ribosomes

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6
Q

free ribosomes - make?

A

cytosolic proteins

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7
Q

free-ribosomes - functions

A

incorporrated into cytoskeleton, mitochondria, paroxisome

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8
Q

bound-ribosome - attachment

A

exterior surface of RER

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9
Q

Bound-ribosome - functions

A

make proteins incorporated into membrane. transported inside organelles or transported outside the cell

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10
Q

vesicles - composition

A

small membrane bound sac

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11
Q

vesicles - functions

A

transportbetween component of endomembrane system

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12
Q

edoplasmic reticulum (ER) - composition

A

network of internal membrane

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13
Q

ER - sorts (2)

A

smooth ER

rough ER

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14
Q

SER- particularity

A

w /out ribosomes attached

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15
Q

RER - particularity

A

w/ ribosomes attached

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16
Q

Golgi - composition

A

made of flattened , stacked membrane saCS

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17
Q

Golgi - Funtions

A

modifies proteins into the vesicles

18
Q

lysosomes - composition

A

membrane-bound sac of enzyme

19
Q

lysosome - functions

A
  1. intracellular digestion
  2. recycle organelles
  3. apoptosis
  4. destroy bacteria
20
Q

lysosome - pH

A

4.8

21
Q

vacuoles - composition

A

membrane-bound sac, larger than vesicles

22
Q

food vacuoles - functions

A

intracellular digestion

23
Q

food vacuoles - fusion

A

fuses with lysosome

24
Q

vacuoles - sorts

A
  1. food vacuoles
  2. contractile vacuoles
  3. central vacuoles
25
Q

contractile vacuoles - functions

A

pump excess water IN PROTOZOA

26
Q

central vacuoles - functions

A

IN PLANTS storage of ions

27
Q

peroxisome - conposition

A

single- membrane-bound organelles

28
Q

proxisome - contains

A

enzymes

29
Q

peroxisome - functions

A

oxidase - H–> O2

catalase - H2O2 –> H2O

30
Q

mitochondria - composition

A

bacteria = double membrane

31
Q

mitochondria - functions

A

aerobic cellular respiration

32
Q

mitochondira - particularity

A

can grow and reproduce

33
Q

mitochondria - possess

A

mtDNA and ribosome

34
Q

plastids - composition

A

double membrane not made of ER

35
Q

plastids - organism

A

ONLY IN PLANTS AND ALGEA

36
Q

microtubules- compostion

A

hollow tubes of tubulin dimers

37
Q

microtubules - functions

A
  1. shape and support
  2. intracellular transport
  3. chromosome division
  4. motion cilia and flagella
38
Q

microfilaments - composition

A

solid filaments of ACTIN units twisted double chain

39
Q

microfilaments - functions

A
  1. support
  2. muscle contractions
  3. cytokinesis of ANIMAL cell
  4. ameboid movement cytoplasmic streaming in PLANTS
  5. block exocytosis of hormones
40
Q

intermediate filaments - composition

A

two rods twisted in helix

41
Q

intermediate filaments - functions

A
  1. cell shape support
  2. fix shape of organelles
  3. form nuclear lamina
  4. form junctions olding cells together
42
Q

double membrane organelles?

A

nucleus, plastids, bacteria

General Biology II (10 decks)

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