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Anatomy & Physiology I > Organ Systems and Organs > Flashcards

Organ Systems and Organs Flashcards

1
Q

protects deeper organs from mechanical, chemical, and bacterial injury, and from drying out

A

integumentary system

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2
Q

excretes salts and urea

A

integumentary system

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3
Q

aids in regulation of body temperature

A

integumentary system

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4
Q

produces vitamin D

A

integumentary system

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5
Q

body support and protection of internal organs

A

skeletal system

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6
Q

provides levers for muscular action

A

skeletal system

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7
Q

cavities provide a site for blood cell formation

A

skeletal system

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8
Q

bones store minerals

A

skeletal system

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9
Q

primary function is to contract or shorten to allow for locomotion, grasping, and manipulation of the environment & facial expression

A

muscular system

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10
Q

generates heat

A

muscular system

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11
Q

allows body to detect changes in its internal and external environment and to respond to such information by activating appropriate muscles or glads

A

nervous system

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12
Q

helps maintain homeostasis of the body via rapid transmission of electrical signals

A

nervous system

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13
Q

helps maintain body homeostasis, promotes growth and development, produces chemical messengers called hormones that travel in the blood to exert their effects on various target organs of the body

A

endocrine system

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14
Q

primarily a transport system that carries blood containing oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, ions, hormones, and other substances to and from the tissue cells where exchanges are made

A

cardiovascular system

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15
Q

antibodies and other protein molecules in the blood protect the body

A

cardiovascular system

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16
Q

picks up fluid leaked from the blood vessels and returns it to the blood

A

lymphatic system

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17
Q

cleanses blood of pathogens and other debris

A

lymphatic system

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18
Q

houses lymphocytes that act via the immune response to protect the body from foreign substances

A

lymphatic system

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19
Q

keeps the blood continuously supplied with oxygen while removing carbon dioxide

A

respiratory system

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20
Q

contributes to the acid-base balance of the blood

A

respiratory system

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21
Q

breaks down ingested foods into smaller particles, which can be absorbed into the blood for delivery to the body cells

A

digestive system

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22
Q

undigested residue is removed from the body as feces

A

digestive system

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23
Q

rids the body of nitrogen-containing wastes including urea, uric acid, and ammonia, which result from the breakdown of proteins and nucleic acids

A

urinary system

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24
Q

maintains water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance of the blood

A

urinary system

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25
provides gametes called sperm for perpetuation of the species
male reproductive system
26
provides gametes called eggs; the uterus houses the developing fetus until birth; mammary glands provide nutrition for the infant
female reproductive system
27
skin, hair, nails, cutaneous sense organs and glands
integumentary system
28
bones, cartilage, tendons, ligaments, and joints
skeletal system
29
muscles attached to the skeleton
muscular system
30
brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sensory receptors
nervous system
31
pituitary, thymus, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, and pineal glands; ovaries, testes, and pancreas
endocrine system
32
heart and blood vessels
cardiovascular system
33
lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, spleen, and thymus
lymphatic system
34
nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs
respiratory system
35
oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small & large intestines, & accessory structures including teeth, salivary glands, liver and pancreas
digestive system
36
kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra
urinary system
37
testes, prostate gland, scrotum, penis, and duct system which carries sperm to the body exterior
male reproductive system
38
ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, mammary glands, and vagina
female reproductive system
39
an irregular mass of glandular tissue overlying the heart
thymus (rat)
40
medial oval structure enclosed within the pericardium
heart (rat)
41
lateral to the heart on either side
lungs (rat)
42
tubelike "windpipe" running medially down the throat
trachea (rat)
43
two passageways that plunge laterally into the tissue of the two lungs
bronchi (rat)
44
a food chute; the part of the digestive system that transports food from the pharynx to the stomach
esophagus (rat)
45
a thin muscle attached to the inferior boundary of the rib cage
diaphragm (rat)
46
connected to the stomach and ending just before the saclike cecum
small intestine (rat)
47
a large muscular tube connected to the small intestine and ending in the anus
large intestine (rat)
48
the initial part of the large intestine
cecum (rat)
49
terminal part of the large intestine; continuous with the anal canal
rectum (rat)
50
the opening of the digestive tract (through the anal canal) to the exterior
anus (rat)
51
an apron-like serous membrane; suspends many of the digestive organs in the abdominal cavity
mesentery (rat)
52
a diffuse gland; rests dorsal to and in the mesentery between the first portion of the small intestine and the stomach
pancreas (rat)
53
a dark red organ curving around the left lateral side of the stomach; an organ of the lymphatic system, often called "red blood cell graveyard"
spleen (rat)
54
large and brownish red; the most superior organ in the abdominal cavity, directly beneath the diaphragm
liver (rat)
55
bean-shaped organs; retroperitoneal (behind the peritoneum)
kidneys (rat)
56
large endocrine glands that sit on top of each kidney; considered part of the endocrine system
adrenal glands (rat)
57
tube running from the indented region of a kidney to the urinary bladder
ureter (rat)
58
the sac that serves as a reservoir for urine
urinary bladder (rat)
59
the large vein that returns blood to the heart from the lower body regions
inferior vena cava (rat)
60
deep to the inferior vena cava; the largest artery of the body; carries blood away from the heart
descending aorta (rat)

Anatomy & Physiology I (15 decks)

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