ORG ANA: Pelvic Wall Flashcards
describe the shape of the pelvis
bowl-shaped or basin shaped
what does the pelvis connect
connection between abdomen/trunk and LE
what are the 3 main functions of the pelvis
transmits weight of body from VC to femurs
support and protect pelvic viscera
attachment for trunk and LE muscles
what does the pelvis contain
lower GI and urinary tract
organs of reproduction
nerves, vessels and lymphatics
what is the lateral and anterior wall of the pelvis and its articulations
the 2 hip bones
in front - symhpysis pubis
post - sacroiliac joint
what is the posterior wall of the pelvis
sacrum and coccyx
what are the 2 parts of the pelvis
false and true pelvis
what is the pelvic brim
it marks the boundary between the true and false pelvis
above it - false
below it - true
what makes up the pelvic brim
ant - symphysis pubis
post - sacral promontory
lat - iliopectineal lines
what is the sacral promontory
anterior upper margin of S1
what are iliopectineal lines
lines that run downward and forward in the inner surface of the ileum
what is the symphysis pubis
joint betw the 2 pubic bones
describe the location of symphysis pubis and ASIS
they lie in the same vertical plane
pelvic orientation of symphysis pubis
faces upward and backward
pelvic orientation of the sacrum
directed downward forward
boundaries of the false pelvis
ant - lower abdominal muscles
post - 5 lumbar vertebrae
lat - iliac fossa and iliacus
the false pelvis is considered a part of ______ cavity
abdominal cavity
purpose of false pelvis
supports abdominal content
guides fetus to true pelvis at early stages
supports uterus at 3 months above
what makes up the true pelvis
pelvic inlet, outlet and cavity
what are the boundaries of pelvic outlet
ant - pubic arch
post - coccyx
lat - ischial tuberosities
margin - sarcotuberous ligament
what are the 3 wide notches of the pelvic outlet
ant - pubic arch
lat - sciatic notches; lesser and greater
what divides the sciatic notches
divided by sarcotuberous and sacrospinous ligaments into greater and lesser foramen
where is the pelvic cavity located
between inlet and outlet
what are the contents of the pelvic cavity
lower portion of intestines and rectum
urinary bladder
internal reproductive organs
what forms the anterior wall of true pelvis
bodies of pubic bone, pubic rami and symphysis pubis
it has the shallowest wall in true pelvis
anterior wall
it has extensive wall in true pelvis
posterior wall
what forms the posterior wall of true pelvis
sacrum, coccyx and piriformis
what covers the posterior wall of true pelvis
parietal pelvic fascia
openings of the posterior wall of true pelvis
anterior sacral foramina
greater and lesser sciatic foramen
what passes through the anterior sacral foramina
anterior rami of sacral spinal nerves
what passes through greater sciatic foramen
exit from true pelvis to gluteal region for sciatic, pudendal, gluteal nerves/vessels
what forms the lateral wall of pelvis
hip bone below pelvic inlet
obturator membrane
sarcotuberous ligament and sacrospinous ligament
obturator internus and fascia
opening of lateral wall
obturator foramen
what covers the obturator foramen
obturator membrane
what are the contents of the obturator foramen
passage of obturator nerve to leave pelvis and enter thigh
what forms the inferior wall
formed by pelvic diaphragm
function of pelvic diaphragm
divides true pelvis into main cavity and perineum
function of inferior wall
supports the pelvic viscera
identify the type of pelvis
most common type - 41%
gynecoid
identify the type of pelvis
classical female pelvis
gynecoid
identify the type of pelvis
oval at inlet, generous capacity and wide subpubic arch
gynecoid
identify the type of pelvis
least common type - 2%
platypelloid
identify the type of pelvis
flattened at inlet and has a prominent sacrum
platypelloid
identify the type of pelvis
subpubic arch is wide but ischial spines are prominent
platypelloid
identify the type of pelvis
favors transverse presentations
platypelloid
identify the type of pelvis
occurs 24% in white and 41% in black women - 2nd most common
anthropoid
identify the type of pelvis
oval at inlet but narrow and has a long axis; subpubic arch is slightly narrowed
anthropoid
identify the type of pelvis
favors occiput posterior presentations
anthropoid
identify the type of pelvis
33% of white and 16% of black females - 3rd most common
android
identify the type of pelvis
triangular inlet and narrowed subpubic arch
android
identify the type of pelvis
aka male or funnel shaped pelvis
android
relate delivery to an android pelvis
larger babies have hard time bcs of bony prominence kase funnel shaped but smaller can squeeze through
what makes up the pelvic diaphragm
levatores ani and occygeous muscles and their fascia
why is the pelvic diaphragm incomplete anteriorly
allows passage of urethra in males and urethra and vagina in females
location of anterior fibers of levator ani
forms a sling around the prostate or vagina
function of anterior fibers of levator ani
support prostate, constricts vagina and stabilizes perineal body
location of puborectalis fibers of levator ani
sling around rectum and anal canal
function of puborectalis fibers of levator ani
sphincter for poop
intermediate fibers of levator ani
puborectalis and pubococcygeous
location of posterior fibers of levator ani
iliococcygeus is from iluem to coccyx
action of levator ani
form muscle sling that supports and maintains pelvic viscera in positions
resist rise in intrapelvic pressure - resist GI organs in reaching pelvis
sphincter action
nerve supply of levator ani
perineal branch of 4th sacral nerve and perineal branch of pudendal
it is continous with fascia of abdomen and perineum
pelvic fascia
what does parietal pelvic fascia line
lines walls of pelvis
what does visceral layer of pelvic fascia lines
covers and supports pelvic viscera
where is the sacral plexus found
in front of piriformis in posterior pelvic wall
what forms the sacral plexus
anterior rami of L4, L5, S1-S4
branches of sacral plexus
sciatic
superior and inferior gluteal
nerve to quad fem
nerve to obturator internus
posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh
pudendal
nerve to piriformis
arteries that enter the pelvic cavity
internal iliac
superior rectal - inferior mesenteric
ovarian - aorta
median sacral - aorta
what does internal iliac artery supply
all organs within pelvis
anterior divisions of internal iliac artery
umbilical
vaginal or inferior vesical
middle rectal
uterine
obturator
internal pudendal
inferior gluteal
what does umbilical artery supply
branches to superior vesical and supplies upper part of bladder
what does vaginal artery supply
vagina and base of bladder
what does inferior vesical artery supply
base of bladder
prostate and seminal vesicles
what does middle rectal artery supply
lower rectum
what does uterine artery supply
uterine tube
posterior branches of internal iliac artery
iliolumbar
lateral sacral
superior gluteal
MGA WALA NA SA PELVIS
what does iliolumbar artery supply
pass laterally to supply pelvic inlet, psoas and iliacus
what does lateral sacral artery supply
sacrum before terminating as posterior gluteal artery
what does superior gluteal artery supply
gluteal region
what does superior rectal artery supply
rectum and upper half of anal canal
what does ovarian artery supply
supply ovary
vesticular artery in males - supply testes
what does median sacral artery supply
anterior surface of sacrum and coccyx
what does external iliac vein drain
posterior gluts and legs
what does interal iliac vein drain
pelvis mga uterine ganun
what does median sacral vein drain
sacrum
lymphatics of pelvis
external iliac, internal ilaic and common iliac nodes
identify if male or female pelvis
false pelvis is deeper
male
identify if male or female pelvis
false pelvis is shallower
female
identify if male or female pelvis
pelvic inlet is heart shaped
male
identify if male or female pelvis
pelvic inlet is oval and narrow transversely
female
identify if male or female pelvis
pelvic outlet is smaller and narrower
male
identify if male or female pelvis
pelvic outlet is larger and roomier
female
identify if male or female pelvis
ischial spine is inverted
male
identify if male or female pelvis
ischial spine is everted
female
identify if male or female pelvis
pubic arch is narrower
male
identify if male or female pelvis
pubic arch is more rounded and wider
female
identify if male or female pelvis
sacrum is long and narrow
male
identify if male or female pelvis
sacrum is short, wide and flat
female