KINES: Motion Analysis of Gait

Question 1

discuss direction of GRF in the hip

Answer 1

initial phase - anterior
loading response - anterior
midstance - through
terminal stance - posterior
preswing - posterior

Question 2

direction of GRF in the knee

Answer 2

initial phase - anterior
loading response - posterior
midstance - through
terminal stance - anterior
preswing - posterior

Question 3

direction of GRF in the ankle

Answer 3

initial phase - posterior
loading response - posterior
midstance - anterior
terminal stance - anterior
preswing - anterior

Question 4

relate hip flexors to the gait cycle

Answer 4

early swing - to propel extremity forward

Question 5

relate hamstrings to the gait cycle

Answer 5

terminal swing - eccentric control of swinging of leg

Question 6

relate quadriceps femoris to the gait cycle

Answer 6

heel strike to foot flat and loading response as WB is starting

Question 7

relate hip abductors to the gait cycle

Answer 7

midstance - to maintain a leveled pelvis

Question 8

relate ankle dorsiflexors to the gait cycle

Answer 8

heel strike in order to prevent foot from slapping on ground

Question 9

relate ankle plantarflexors to the gait cycle

Answer 9

push-off to be able to propel the LE towards swing phase

Question 10

sagittal motion analysis of initial contact

Answer 10

hip:
20-40 deg flexion and slight add and ER
hip ext controlling excessive swing - eccentric

knee:
full ext and tibia is ER for screw-home
hamstring eccentrically control

ankle:
foot supination and neutral ankle
dflexors prevent foot from slapping keeping it neutral - isometric

Question 11

sagittal motion analysis of loading response

Answer 11

hip:
going to ext; add and IR
hip extensors concetric

knee:
15-20 deg flexion and tibia IR mag unlock
quads prevent knee bucking - eccentric

ankle:
foot pronation tas mag DF because tibia shifts forward
eccentric dflex in lowering foot

Question 12

sagittal motion analysis of midstance

Answer 12

hip:
neutral and pelvis rotates posteriorly
iliopsoas controls excessive pelvic tilt - eccentric

knee:
mag extend nd tibia ER
popliteus unlocks knee tas gastroc prevents hyper ex of knee - eccentric both

ankle:
foot neutral and ankle DF
pflexors control too much dflexion - eccentric

Question 13

sagittal motion analysis of terminal stance

Answer 13

hip:
ext of 10-15 deg and abd and IR
iliofemoral ligament counteracts extensor moment

knee:
starts to flex tas tibia IR due to momentum

ankle:
foot supination and ankle will PF
pflexors concentric for push off

Question 14

sagittal motion analysis of pre swing

Answer 14

hip:
towards extension mga 10 deg; abd and ER
adductor mag controls excessive abd eccentric

knee:
going flexion mga 40 deg
rectus fem controls flexion eccentrically

ankle:
foot supination and ankle PF
pflexors concentric for powerful push-off

Question 15

sagittal motion analysis of initial swing

Answer 15

hip:
flexion
hip flexors concentric and momentum from push off

knee:
60 deg flexion
momentum brings it to maximal flexion

ankle:
mag decrease yung pflex
concentric dflexors

Question 16

sagittal motion analysis of mid swing

Answer 16

hip:
flexion from momentum of initial swing

knee:
towards ext
gravity passively extends

ankle:
dflex to neutral -
dflexors isometric

Question 17

sagittal motion analysis of terminak swing

Answer 17

hip:
flexion
eccentric hamstrings

knee:
ext
hams eccentric to control forward of hip and tibia

ankle:
neutral
dflexors isometric

Question 18

discuss walking vs running and sprinting

Answer 18

hip ext decreases
knee flexion increases
floating phase
stance phase is reduced

Question 19

discuss walking

Answer 19

trunk erect
hip ext at heel off
knee flex at 60
heel contact
double suport inc

Question 20

discuss running

Answer 20

slight forward lean
hip ext at toe off
knee flex at 90
midfoot contact
double suport dec