Order

Question 1

Any of five styles of classical architecture - Doric, Ionic, Corinthian, Tuscan and Composite - characterized by the type and arrangement of column and entablatues employed.

Answer 1

Order

Question 2

The crowning member of a classical cornice, usually a cyma recta.

Answer 2

Cymatium

Question 3

The projecting, slablike member of a classical cornice, supported by the bed molding and crowned by the cymatium.

Answer 3

Corona

Question 4

The molding or group of moldings immediately beneath the corona of a cornice.

Answer 4

Bed Molding

Question 5

The uppermost member of a classical entablature, consisting typically of a cymatium, corona, and bed molding.

Answer 5

Cornice

Question 6

The horizntal part of a classical entablature between the cornice and architrave, often decorated with sculture in low relief.

Answer 6

Frieze

Question 7

The lowermost division of a classical entablature, resting directly on the column capitals and supporting the frieze.

Answer 7

Architrave

Question 8

The distinctively treated uppper end of a column, pillar or pier, crowning the shaft and taking the weight of the entablature or architrave.

Answer 8

capital

Question 9

The horizontal section of a classical order that rests on the columns, usually composed of a cornice, frieze and architrave.

Answer 9

Entablature

Question 10

The use or arrangement of columns in a structure.

Answer 10

Columniation

Question 11

Having two columns on one or each front.

Answer 11

Distyle

Question 12

Having three column on one or each front.

Answer 12

Tristyle

Question 13

Having four columns on one or each front.

Answer 13

Tetrastyle

Question 14

Having five columns on one or each front.

Answer 14

Pentastyle

Question 15

Having six columns on one or each front.

Answer 15

Hexastyle

Question 16

Having seven columns on one or each front.

Answer 16

Heptastyle

Question 17

Having eight columns on one or either front.

Answer 17

Octastyle

Question 18

Having nine columns on one or on each front.

Answer 18

Enneastyle, Enneastylar

Question 19

Having 10 columns on one or on each front.

Answer 19

Decastyle

Question 20

Having 12 columns on one or either front.

Answer 20

Dodecastyle, dodecastylar, duodecastyle

Question 21

The central part of a column or pier between capital and the base.

Answer 21

Shaft

Question 22

The lowermost portion of a wall, column, pier, or other structure, usually distinctively treated and considered as an architectural unit.

Answer 22

Base

Question 23

The part of a pedestal between the base and the cornice or cap.

Answer 23

Dado, die

Question 24

The usually square slab beneath the base of a column, pier, or pedestal.

Answer 24

Plinth

Question 25

A cylindrical support in classical architecture, consisting of a capital, shaft, and usually a base, either monolithic or built up of drums the full diameter of the shaft.

Answer 25

Column

Question 26

A construction upon which a column, statue, memorial shaft, or the like, is elevated, usually consisting of a base, a dado, and a cornice or cap.

Answer 26

Pedestal

Question 27

The space between two adjacent columns, usually the clear space between teh lower parts of the shafts, measured in column diameters. Also, a system for spacing columns in a colonnade based on this measurement.

Answer 27

Intercolumniation

Question 28

Having an intercolumniation of 1 1/2 diameters.

Answer 28

Pycnostyle

Question 29

having an intercolumniation of two diameters.

Answer 29

Systyle

Question 30

Having an intercolumniation of 2 1/4 diameters

Answer 30

Eustyle

Question 31

Having an intercolumniation of three diameters.

Answer 31

Diastle

Question 32

having an intercolumniation of four diameters.

Answer 32

Araeostyle or areostyle

Question 33

The placement of two columns or pilasters very close together.

Answer 33

Accouplement

Question 34

The oldest and simplest of the five classical orders, developed in Greece in the 7th century BCE and later imitated by the Romans, characterized by a fluted column having no base, a plain cushion-shaped capital supporting a square abacus, and an entablature consisting of a plain architrave, a frieze of trglyphs and metopes and a cornice, the corona of which has mutules on its soffit. In the Roman Doric order, the columns are mroe slender and usually have bases, the channeling is sometimes altered or omitted and the capital consists of a bandlike necking, an echinus, and a molded abacus.

Answer 34

Doric Order

Question 35

The underside of an architectural element, as that of an arch, beam, cornice, or staircase.

Answer 35

Soffit

Question 36

One of a series of small, droplike ornaments, attached to the undersides of the mutules and regulae of a Doric entablature.

Answer 36

Gutta, Drop

Question 37

A projecting flat block under the corona of a Doric cornice, corresponding to the modillion of other orders.

Answer 37

Mutule

Question 38

A frieze bearing carved figures of people or animals.

Answer 38

Zophorus, zoophorus

Question 39

One of the vertical blocks separating the metopes in a Doric frieze, typically having two vertical grooves or glyphs on its face, and two chamfers or hemiglyphs at the sides.

Answer 39

Triglyph

Question 40

Any of the panels, either plain or decorated, between triglyphs in the Doric frieze.

Answer 40

Metope or intertriglyph

Question 41

A raised band or fillet separating the frieze from the architrave on a Doric entablature.

Answer 41

Taenia, Tenia

Question 42

A fillet beneath the taenia in a Doric entablature, corresponding to a triglyph above and from which guttae are suspended.

Answer 42

Regula, Guttae Band

Question 43

That part of the necking between the hypotrachelium and the capital of a classical column.

Answer 43

Trachelium

Question 44

The flat slab forming the top of a column capital, plain in the Doric style, but molded or otherwise enriched in other style.

Answer 44

Abacus

Question 45

The prominent circular molding supporting the abacus of a Doric or Tuscan Capital.

Answer 45

Echinus

Question 46

The upper part of a column, just above the shaft and below the projecting part of the capital, when differentiated by a molding, groove or the omission of fluting.

Answer 46

Necking

Question 47

An encircling band, molding, or fillet, on a capital or shaft of a column.

Answer 47

Annulet

Question 48

Any member between the capital and the shaft of a classical column

Answer 48

Hypotrachelium

Question 49

A slight convexity given to a column to correct an optical illusion of concavity if the sides were straight.

Answer 49

Entasis

Question 50

Any of several cylindrical stones laid one above the other to form a column or pier.

Answer 50

Drum

Question 51

A decorative motif consisting of a series of long, rounded, parallel grooves, as on the shaft of a classical column.

Answer 51

Fluting

Question 52

A rounded channel or groove.

Answer 52

Flute or Stria

Question 53

A classical order of Roman origin, basically a simplified Roman Doric characterized by an unfluted column and a plain base, capital and entablature having no decoration other than moldings.

Answer 53

Tuscan Order

Question 54

A classical order that developed in the Greek colonies of Asia Minor in the 6th century BCE, characterized esp by the spiral volutes of its capital. The fluted columns typically had molded bases and supported an entablature consisting of an architrave of three fascias, a richly ornamedted frieze and a cornice corbeled out on egg-and-dart and dentil moldings. Roman and Renaissance examples are often more elaborate, and usually set the volutes of the capitals 45d to the architrave.

Answer 54

Ionic order

Question 55

An ornamental motif for enriching an ovolo or echinus, consisting of a closely set, alternating series of oval and pointed forms.

Answer 55

Egg and Dart, Egg and Toungue

Question 56

Any of a series of closely spaced, small, rectangular blocks forming a molding or projecting beneath the coronas of Ionic, Corinthian and Composite cornices.

Answer 56

Dentil

Question 57

One of the three horizontal bands making up the architrave in the Ionic order.

Answer 57

Fascia

Question 58

A spiral, scroll-like ornament, as on the capitals of the Ionic, Corinthian, and Composite orders.

Answer 58

Volute

Question 59

The vertical guideline through the eye of a volute in an Ionic capital, from which the spiral form is determined.

Answer 59

Cathetus

Question 60

The circular molding under the cushion of an Ionic capital between the volutes, usually carved with an egg-and-dart pattern.

Answer 60

Echinus, Cymatium

Question 61

A narrow part of the surface of a column shaft left between adjoining flutes.

Answer 61

Fillet

Question 62

A small, concave curve joining the shaft of a classical column to its base.

Answer 62

Apophyge, Apophysis

Question 63

A base to a classical column, consisting of an upper and a lower torus separated by a scotia between two fillets.

Answer 63

Attic Base

Question 64

A deep concave molding between two fillets.

Answer 64

Scotia, Trochilus

Question 65

A large convex, semicircular molding, commonly found directly above the plinth of the base of a classical column.

Answer 65

Torus

Question 66

An ornamental bracket, usually in the form of a scroll with acanthus, used in series beneath the corona of a Corinthian, Composite or Roman Ionic cornice.

Answer 66

Modillion

Question 67

A spiral ornament, such as any of the volutes issuing from a cauliculus in a Corinthian capital.

Answer 67

Helix

Question 68

Any of the ornamental stalks rising between the acanthus leaves of a Corinthian capital, from whic hthe volutes spring.

Answer 68

Cauliculus, Caulcole

Question 69

The underlying part of a foliated capital, between the abacus and neck molding.

Answer 69

Bell

Question 70

An ornament, such as on the Corinthian capital, patterned after the large, toothed leaves of a Mediterranean plant of the same name.

Answer 70

Acanthus

Question 71

The most ornate of the five classical orders, developed by the Greeks in the 4th century BCE, but used more extensively in Roman architecture, similar in most respects to the Ionic but usually of slendered proportions and characterized esp by a deep bell-shaped capital decorated with acanthus leaves and an abacu with concave sides.

Answer 71

Corinthian order

Question 72

One of the five classical orders, popular esp since the beginning of the Renaissance but invented by the ancient Romans, in which the Corinthian order is modified by superimposing four diagonally set Ionic volutes on a bell of Corinthian acanthus leaves.

Answer 72

Composite order

Question 73

An order of columns more than one story in height.

Answer 73

Colossal Order, Giant Order