Design Flashcards
1
Q
The creation and organization of formal elements in a work of art.
A
Design
2
Q
The shape and structure of something as distinguished from its substance or material.
A
Form
3
Q
The outline or surface configuration of a particular form or figure. While form usually refers to the principle that gives unity to a whole and often includes a sense of mass or volume, shape suggests an outline with some emphasis on the enclosed area or mass.
A
Shape
4
Q
The edge or contour of a shape.
A
Line
5
Q
The visual and esp. tactile quality of a surface, apart from its color or form.
A
Texture
6
Q
The apparent texture of surface resulting from the combination and interrelation of colors and tonal values.
A
Visual Texture
7
Q
The physical, dimensional structure of a surface, apart from its color or form.
A
Tactile Texture
8
Q
Of or pertaining to shapes and forms having irregular contours that appear to resemble those of living plants or animals.
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Organic
9
Q
Of or pertaining to shapes and forms not representing natural or actual objects.
A
Nonobjective or Nonrepresentational
10
Q
Of or pertaining to shapes and forms that resemble or employ the simple rectilinear or curvilinear elements of geometry.
A
Geometric
11
Q
Of or pertaining to shapes and forms having an intellectual and effective content dependent solely on their intrinsic lines, colors and relationship to one another.
A
Abstact
12
Q
Something that stands for or represents something else by association, resemblance or convention, deriving its meaning chiefly from the structure in which it appears.
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Symbol
13
Q
A mark or figure having a conventional meaning and used in place of a work or phrase to express a complex notion.
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Sign
14
Q
A unified composition of two-dimensional shapes or three-dimensional volumes, esp one that has or gives the impression of weight, density, and bulk.
A
Massing
15
Q
Characterized or produced by addition, accumulation or uniting, often resulting in a new identity.
A
Additive
16
Q
Characterized or produced by removal of a part or portion without destroying a sense of the whole.
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Subtractive
17
Q
A method or manner of jointing that makes the united parts clear, distinct and precise in relation to each other.
A
Articulation
18
Q
The significance or meaning of an artistic work, as distinguised from its form.
A
Content
19
Q
The manner of arranging and coordinating the parts of a composition so as to produce a coherent image.
A
Form (see Robie House)
20
Q
The systematic arranging of interdependent or coordinated parts into a coherent unity or functioning whole.
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Organization
21
Q
An individual, minute or subordinate part of a whole.
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Detail
22
Q
The organization of elements or parts in a complex system as dominated by the general character of the whole.
A
Structure
23
Q
The characteristic structure given to a surface or substance by the size, shape, arrangement and proportions of the parts.
A
Texture
24
Q
An underlying framework or structure of connected parts.
A
Fabric
25
The basic scheme or concept for an architectural design, represented by a diagram.
Parti
26
A drawingm not necessarily representational, that outlines, explains, or clarifies the arrangement and relations of the parts of a whole.
Diagram
27
An artistic or decorative design, esp one having a characteristic arrangement and considered as a unit, of which an idea can be given by a fragment.
Pattern
28
The arranging of parts or elements into proper proportion or relation so as to form a unified whole.
Composition
29
A fundamental and comprehensive concept of visual perception for structuring an aesthetic composition.
Design Principle
30
The state or quality of being combined into one, such as the ordering of elements in an artistic work that constitutes a harmonious whole or promotes a singleness of effect.
Unity
31
A condition of logical, harmonious, or comprehensible arrangement in which each element of a group is properly disposed with reference to other elements and to its purpose.
Order
32
The orderly, pleasing or congruent arrangement of the elements or parts in an artistic whole.
Harmony
33
Harmony in the arrangement of parts or colors that is restful to the eye.
Repose
34
Logically or aesthetically ordered or integrated to afford comprehension or recognetion.
Coherent
35
Correspondence in size, shape, or color among the elements in a work or art.
Agreement
36
The state or quality of being alike in substance, essentials or characteristics.
Similarity
37
Nearness in place, order, or relation
Proximity
38
The state or quality of being continuous, such as that exhibited by a line, edgem or direction.
Continuity
39
Arrangement in or adjustment according to a straight line.
alignment
40
The state or quality of being identical, homogeneous, or regular.
Uniformity
41
Uniform in structure throughout or composed of parts that are all of the same nature or kind.
Homogeneous
42
Uniformly or evenly formed or arranged.
Regular
43
The state or quality of lacking variety.
Monotomy
44
The state or quality of having varied or diverse forms, types or characteristics.
Variety
45
The state or quality of being a whole composed of complicated, intricate or interconnected parts.
Complexity
46
An artistic composition of often diverse elements in unlikely or unexpected juxtaposition.
Collage
47
A system of elements ranked, classified, and organized one above another, according to importance or significance.
hierarchy
48
Stress or prominence given to an element of a composition by means of contrast, anomaly, or counterpoint.
Emphasis
49
Opposition or juxtaposition of dissimilar elements in a work of art to intensify each element's properties and produce a more dynamic expressiveness.
Contrast
50
The state or position of being placed opposite another, or of lying in corresponding positions from an intervening space or object.
Opposition
51
The state or position of being placed close together or side by side, so as to permit comparison or contrast.
Juxtaposition
52
A tenuous balance maintained in an artistic work between opposing forces or elements, often causing anxiety or excitement.
Tension
53
The state or condition of being opposed, inconsistent, or logically incongruous.
Contradiction
54
A state of utter disorder or confusion.
Chaos
55
A parallel but contrasting element or theme in a narrative or concept.
Counterpoint
56
Prominent or conspicuous.
Salient
57
The major idea, essential part, or salient feature of a narrative or concept.
Point
58
A deviation from the normal or expected form, order or arrangement.
Anomaly
59
A state of rest or balance between contrasting elements or opposing forces.
Equilibrium
60
An equal distribution of weight, relationship or forces.
Equipoise
61
A counterbalancing weight or force.
Counterpoise
62
The pleasing or harmonious arrangement or proportion of parts or elements in a design or composition.
Balance
63
The exact correspondence in size, form and arrangement of parts on opposite sides of a dividing line or plane, or about a center or axis.
Symmetry
64
Symmetry resulting from the arrangement of similar parts on opposite sides of a median axis.
Bilateral Symmetry
65
Symmetry resulting from the arrangement of similar, radiating parts about a center point or central axis.
Radial Symmetry
66
The plan for a building organized around a large or dominant space usually characterized by two axes crossing each other at right angles.
Central Plan
67
A symmetrical condition occuring in one part of a design, often serving to center an irregular pattern.
Local Symmetry
68
An imaginary line about which a figure, body, or composition is symmetrical.
Axis of Symmetry
69
A straight line to which elements in a composition are referred for measurement or symmetry.
Axis
70
The rhythmic quality of a composition suggesting motion by represented gestures or by the relationship of structural elements.
Movement
71
The line along which something is moving, pointing, or facing, with reference to the point toward which it is direct.
Direction
72
A process or change taking place by degrees or through a series of gradual, successive stages.
Gradation
73
Movement characterized by a patterned repetition or alternation of formal elements or motifs in the same or a modified form.
Rhythm
74
The act or process of repeating formal elements or motifs in a design.
Repetition
75
A space between two objects, points, or states.
Interval
76
A series of linked or interconnected things or events.
Concatenation
77
The comparative, proper, or harmonious, relation of one part to another or to the whole with respect to magnitude, quantity, or degree.
Proportion
78
Harmony of proportion or movement.
Eurythmy
79
Relation in magnitude, quantity, or degree between two or more similar things.
Ratio
80
The quality between two ratios in which the first of the four terms divided by the second equals the third divited by the fourth.
Proportion
81
A proportion between the two dimensions of a plane figure or the two division of a line, in which the ratio of the smaller to the larger is the same as the ratio of the larger to the whole: a ratio of approximately 0.618 to 1.
Golden Section or Golden Mean
82
tHE UNENDING SEQUENCE OF NUMBERS WHERE THE FIRST TWO TERMS ARE 1 AND 1, AND EACH SUCCEEDING TERM IS THE SUM OF THE TWO IMMEDIATLY PRECEDING.
Fibonacci Series
83
A series whose terms are in harmonic progression.
Harmonic Series
84
A sequence of numbers whose reciprocals form an arithmetic progression.
Harmonic Progression
85
A certain proportionate size, extent, or degree, usually judged in relation to some standard or point of reference.
Scale
86
A unit of measurement used for standardizing the dimensions of building materials or regulating the proportions of an architectural composition.
Module
87
The size or proportion of a building element or space, or an article of furniture, relative to the structural or functional dimensions of the human body.
Human Scale
88
The size or proportion of something relative to an accepted standard of measurement.
Mechanical Scale
89
The size or proportion an element appears to have relative to other elements or components of known or assumed size.
Visual Scale
90
An applied science concerned with the characteristics of people that need to be considered in the design of devices and systems in order that people and things will interact effectively and safely.
Ergonomics or Human Engineering
91
The measurement and study of the size and proportions of the human body.
Anthropometry
92
To ascribe human form or characteristics to nonhuman things or beings.
Anthropomorphize
93
Any of the dimensions of the human body and its parts.
Structural dimensions
94
Any of the dimensions determined by bodily position and movement, such as reach, stride, or clearange.
Functional dimension
95
The correspondence between the size and posture of a human body and a building element or article of furniture.
Static Fit
96
The correspondence between the sensory experience of bodily presence and movement and the size, shape and proportion of a space.
Dynamic Fit
97
The sensory experience of bodily position, presence, or movement derived chiefly from stimulation of nerve endings in muscles, tendons and joints.
Kinesthesia, Kinaesthesia, kinesthesis
98
Relating to or based on the sense of touch.
Haptic
99
Relating to or based on the sense of smell.
Olfactory
100
Of or pertaining to spaces, buildings, and facilities fully accessible and usable by all people, including the physically handicapped.
Barrier-Free
101
The study of the symbolic and communicative role of the spatial separation individuals maintain in various social and interpersonal situations, and how the nature and degree of this spatial arrangement relates to environmental and cultural factors.
Proxemics
102
The pattern of behavior associated wit hdefining and defending a territory or domain.
Territoriality
103
The variable and subjective distance at which one person feels comfortable talking to another.
Personal Space or Personal Distance
104
An act of Congress that became law in 1992, establishing design standards and requirements for all buildings except single-family residences to ensure their accessibility by the physically disabled.
Americans wit hDisabilities Act
105
The process of planning, designing and creating products, buildings, and environments that are accessible to all individuals, including those with disabilities or special needs, to the greatest extent possible given current materials, technologies and knowledge.
Universal Design
106
A continuous, unobstructed path from site arrival points and connecting all accessible buildings and facilities within a site.
Accessible route
107
The parking spaces and passenger loading zones located on an accessible route and complying with the Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG).
Accessible parking
108
The ability, freedom, or permission to approach, enter, or use.
Access
109
The degree to which a product, device, service, or environment is available to people having disabilities or special needs.
Accessibility
110
Describing a site, building or facility designed and constructed to comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG)
Accessible
111
An accessible pedestrian space between such elements as parking, seating and desks.
Access Aisle
112
The ability of such elements as counters, sinks, and grab bars to be altered so as to accommodate the needs of individuals with or without disabilitites, or individuals having different types or degrees of disabilities.
Adaptability
113
A dwelling unit or sleeping unit that complies with the Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG) for routes, elements, and spaces.
Accessible Unit
114
A surface feature built in or applied to walking surfaces to ward visually impaired persons of hazards along a circulation path.
Detectable Warning
115
The minimum unobstructed floor area required to accommodate a single wheelchair and occupant.
Clear Floor Space
116
The slope perpendicular to the direction of travel.
Cross Slope
117
the slope parallel to the direction of travel.
Running Slope
118
A ramp cut into or leading up to a curb.
Curb Ramp
119
To conceive, contrive, or devise the form and structure of a building or other construction.
Design
120
To form an idea or conception in the mind.
Conceive
121
To form in an artistic or ingenious manner.
Contrive
122
To form in the mind by new combinations or applications of existing ideas or principles.
Devise
123
A purposeful activity aimed at devising a plan for changing an existing situation into a future preferred state, especially the cyclical, iterative process comprising the following phases.
Design Process
124
Identifying a problem and its social, economic, and physical context.
Initiation
125
Collecting and analyzing relevant information and establishing goals and criteria for an acceptable solution.
Preparation
126
A systematic series of actions or operations leading or directed to a particular end.
Process
127
A particular stage in a process of change or development.
Phase
128
A procedure for solving a problem, such as a statement setting forth the context, conditions, requirements and objectives for a design project.
Program
129
Discovering constraints and opportunities, and hypothesizing possible alternative solutions.
Synthesis
130
Separating of a whole into its constituent parts or elements, esp. as a method of studying the nature of the whole and determining its essential features and their relations.
Analysis
131
Combining of separate, often diverse parts or elements so as to form a single or coherent whole.
Synthesis
132
Formulating a tentative assumption in order to draw out and test its logical or empirical consquences.
Hypothesis
133
One of the propositions or courses of action to be chosen from a set of two or more mutually exclusive posibilities.
Alternative
134
The pattern of change, growth, or development of an object or phenomenon.
Dynamics
135
An intense effort to complete a design project within a specified time.
Charette or Charette
136
To work out, expand, or realize the capabilities or possibilities of so as to bring gradually to a fuller or more advanced or effective state.
Develop
137
To change the form, character or qualities of in order to give a new orientation to or to serve a new end.
Modify
138
To improve or elaborate in order to make more fine or precise.
Refine
139
A bend, angle, or similar change in the shape of a configuration, by means of which a change of relationship to some context or condition is indicated.
Inflection
140
The process of changing in form or structure through a series of discrete permutations and manipulations in response to a specific context or set of conditions without a loss of identity or concept.
Transformation
141
A preliminary version of a plan or design.
Draft
142
Simulating, testing and modifying acceptable alternative according to specified goals and criteria.
Evaluation
143
Evaluative information about an action or process, prompting a return to a preceding phase for alteration or correction.
Feedback
144
Selecting and implementing the most suitable solution.
Action
145
To ensure the fulfillment of by means of a definite plan or procedure.
Implement
146
Assessing how well an implemented solution in use satisfies the specified goals and criteria.
Reevaluation
147
To express, convey, or interchange ideas, information, or the like by writing, speaking, or through a common system of signs or symbols esp. in a way that is clearly and readily understood.
Communicate
148
The offering of a plan for consideration, acceptance or actionl
Proposal
149
To choose fomr a number of alternatives by fitness or preference.
Select
150
The mental ability to perceive distinctions, comprehend relationships or distinguish alternatives.
Judgement
151
The natural or proper action for which something is designed, used, or exists.
Function
152
The reason for which something exists or is done, made or used.
Purpose
153
Any feature that provides or increases comfort, convenience or pleasure.
Amenity
154
Careful, thrifty, and efficient use and management of resources.
Economy
155
To ascertain or assess the significance, worth or quality of, usually by careful appraisal and study.
Evaluate
156
A standard, rule or principle on which a judgement or decision may be based.
Criterion
157
An assumed, given, or otherwise determined fact or proposition from which conclusions may be drawn or decisions made.
Datum
158
To create a likeness or model of something anticipated for testing and evaluation.
Simulate
159
A miniature representation, usually built to scale, to show the appearance or construction of something.
Model
160
A full-sized model of a building or structure, built accurately to scale for study, testing or teaching.
Mock-up
161
To subject a system or process to such conditions or operations as will lead to a critical evaluation of abilities or performance and subsequent acceptance or rejection.
Test
162
The faculty or power of comprehending, inferring, or thinking in an orderly, rational way.
Reason
163
To form or recall a mental image of.
Visualize
164
The power of reproducing images stored in the memory under the suggestion of associated images.
Reproductive Imagination
165
The play of the mind through which visions are summoned, especially mental inventions that are whimsical, playful and characteristically removed from reality.
Fancy
166
To form a mental picture of a future possibility.
Envision
167
The power of recombining former experiences in the creation of new images directed at a specific goal or aiding in the solution of a problem.
Creative Imagination
168
A mental representation of something previously perceived in the absence of the original stimulus.
Image
169
The ability to transcend traditional ideas, patterns, or relationships and to initiate meaningful ideas, forms or interpretations.
Creativity
170
The creative ability to imagine or express in an independent and individual manner.
Originality
171
The faculty of forming mental images or concepts of what is not present to the senses or perceived in reality.
Imagination
172
To regard an idea or concept as having some form of objective reality outside of the mind
Project
173
To animate or permeate with a particular form, substance, quality or distinction.
Inform
174
To direct the efforts or attention of.
Address
175
To attract and hold fast by influence or power.
Engage
176
The act or power of anticipating that which will or may come to be.
Vision
177
The faculty of seeing things in their true relations or of evaluating their relative significance.
Perspective
178
A particular manner or mode of looking at or regarding someting.
View
179
A way in which a thing may be viewed or regarded.
Aspect
180
A though or notion resulting from mental awareness, understanding, or activity.
Idea
181
A mental image or formulation of what something is or ought to be esp. an idea generalized fomr particular characteristics or instances.
Concept
182
A concept for the form, structurem and features of a building or other construction, represented graphically by diagrams, plans or other drawings.
Design Concept
183
An underlying organization pattern or structure for a design.
Scheme
184
The original scheme for a design presented in the form of a sketch outlining its specific character, to be developed in detail in later studies.
Project
185
Actual performance or application of principles, as distinguished from theory.
Practice
186
Having objective, verifiable, and independent existence, as opposed to being artificial or illusory.
Real
187
Abstract though or speculation resulting in a system of assumptions or principles used in analyzing, explaining, or predicting phenomena, and proposed or followed as the basis of action.
Theory
188
Thought of without reference to concrete reality or a particular instance.
Abstact
189
A fundamental and comprehensive law, truth, or assumption governing action, procedure, or arrangements.
Principle
190
An object, activity, or idea used in place of another to suggest a likeness between them.
Metaphor
191
A similarity in some particulars between things otherwise dissimilar, specif. a logical inference based on the assumption that if two things are known to be alike in some respects, then they will probably be alike in other respects.
Anology
192
The study of creative processes, esp. as applied to the stating and solution of problems, that involves free use of metaphor and analogy in informal interchange within a small group of diverse individuals.
Synectics
193
A systematic classification or study of types according to structural features.
Typology
194
A number of things regarded as forming a group by reason of common attributes or characteristics.
Type
195
An original model or pattern on which all things of the same kind are coped or based.
Archetype
196
A reproduction of an original.
Ectype
197
An early and typical example that exhibits the essential features of a class or group and on which later stages are based or judged.
Prototype
198
An example serving as a pattern for imitation or emulation in the creation of something.
model
199
Contextual, causal, or logical relations or associations of something observed or imagined.
Conncetion
200
The power or faculty of knowing without evident rational though and inference.
Intuition
201
Meditation or reflection on a subject or idea, resulting in a conclusion inferred from incomplete or inconclusive evidence.
Speculation
202
The state or quality of being susceptible to uncertainty of meaning or multiple interpretation.
Ambiguity
203
An aptitude for making desirable and unexpected discoveries by accident.
Serendipity
204
A fortuitions circumstance, quality or characteristic.
Accident
205
