ORCO Test 1

Question 1

What is a worldview?

Answer 1

Perceptual sets that reflect our inclination and experiences. Habitual ways of seeing the world.

Question 2

What is organizational communication?

Answer 2

The interaction required to direct a group toward a set of common goals?

Question 3

What is globalization?

Answer 3

.

Question 4

What is outsourcing?

Answer 4

When a company chooses to hire people in other countries to do some of their work.

Question 5

What is trafficking?

Answer 5

Refers to the illegal trade of human beings across borders.

Question 6

What is multicultural management?

Answer 6

The ability to adapt one’s leadership style to both respond to and make the most persuasive cultural differences is values and practices among a diverse employee population

Question 7

What is communication technology?

Answer 7

Any type of electronic tool or device that may be used to enhance or enable information sharing or person-to-person interaction.

Question 8

What is knowledge management?

Answer 8

The ways organizations make use of knowledge as a resource and commodity.

Question 9

What is identity theft?

Answer 9

Someone steals your identifying information and impersonates you in transactions with various stores and institutions.

Question 10

What are urgent organizations?

Answer 10

Companies whose main challenge is to shorten the time in which they develop new products and respond to customer demands.

Question 11

What is an organizational environment?

Answer 11

The sum total of people, institutions, and activities that exist outside of the organization’s boundaries but exert actual or potential influence over the company’s internal operations..

Question 12

What are boundary spanners?

Answer 12

Company employees who have direct contact with the public.

Question 13

What are the three functions of boundary spanners?

Answer 13

1) They can access the opinions of people outside of the organization and can use that information to guide organizational decision making
2) Their awareness of subtle trends in the environment can serve as a warning system for environmental jolts.
3) They serve as important representatives of the organization to its environment.

Question 14

What is the new social contract?

Answer 14

Is the different kind of employment relationship wherein “job security” is fleeting and tied expressly to whether one’s skills fit the organization’s needs at that time.

Question 15

What are communication networks?

Answer 15

Relationships with trusted coworkers characterized by quick, verbal communication- are the most dynamic source of power in contemporary organizations because of the role they play in responding to a turbulent business environment.

Question 16

What is the quality of life?

Answer 16

The overall satisfactions and aspirations.

Question 17

Four approaches to organizational communication?

Answer 17

1) information transfer
2) Transactional process
3) Strategic control
4) A balance of creativity and constriant

Question 18

What is communication as an information transfer?

Answer 18

Views communication as a metaphoric pipeline through which information flows from one person to another.

Question 19

What are typical communication problems?

Answer 19

1) information overload
2) Distortion
3) Ambiguity

Question 20

What three factors can contribute to information overload?

Answer 20

1) Amount, the quantity of info to be processed.
2) Rate, the speed at which the info presents itself
3) Complexity, the amount of work it takes to process the info

Question 21

What is distortion?

Answer 21

The effects of noise on the receiver’s ability to process the message.

Question 22

When does ambiguity occur?

Answer 22

When multiple interpretation of a message cloud the sender’s intended message.

Question 23

What is communication as a transactional process?

Answer 23

Asserts that in human communication, clear distinctions are not made between senders and receivers

Question 24

What is communication as a strategic control?

Answer 24

Communication is a tool for controlling the environment.

Question 25

What is strategic ambiguity?

Answer 25

Describes the ways in which people may communicate unclearly but still accomplish their goals.

Question 26

What is communication as a balance of creativity and constraint?

Answer 26

Communication is the moment-to-moment working out of the tension between individual creativity and organizational constraint.

Question 27

What is the duality of structure?

Answer 27

Anthony Giddens simultaneously focuses on the creative and constraining aspects of structure.

Question 28

What is the theory of structuration?

Answer 28

Sees human behavior as an unresolvable, productive tension between creativity and constraint.

Question 29

What is the situated individual?

Answer 29

a person who is conducting the everyday business of constructing and maintaining the social realities in which they live.

Question 30

What is phatic communication?

Answer 30

a form of small talk that helps us appear to be social and gives the impression that we are interested in others.

Question 31

What is the old social contract?

Answer 31

The American Dream. Acceptable performance and good behavior will equal life time employment.

Question 32

When thinking of organizations as dialogues what is dialogue??

Answer 32

• Mindful communication
• Equitable transaction
• Empathic conversation
• Real meeting

Question 33

What is mindful communication?

Answer 33

Talk is a mental and relational activity that is both purposeful and strategic

Question 34

What is equitable transaction?

Answer 34

All participants have opportunity to express opinions and perspectives

Question 35

What is empathic conversation?

Answer 35

We seek to understand the world as another person understand or imagines it.

Question 36

What is real meeting?

Answer 36

Letting others happen to you, while holding your ground (this doesn’t mean you are stubborn)

Question 37

What is classical management?

Answer 37

• Organizations are well-run machines
• Larger organizations are like little empires
• They expanded trade, contributed to economic and social development
• Info flow from the top down
• Emphasis on division of labor
• Assumes workers are passive

Question 38

What is meant by theories are partial?

Answer 38

• They only tell part of the story
• Partisan:it is told from a perspective
• Problematic: they raise more questions than answer
• Provide only a snapshot in time

Question 39

What is scientific management?

Answer 39

Fredrick Winslow Taylor was regarded as the father of this

• Primary concern with efficiency and high task
• Helped usher a systematic approach to the division of labor

Question 40

Fayol’s classical management and the concept of bureaucracy?

Answer 40

• French industrialism in the 1940s
• Believed employers should receive fair compensation
• Began to consider interpersonal and social needs of workers

Question 41

What are the 5 elements of classical management?

Answer 41

• Planning
• Organizing
• Commanding
• Coordinating
• Controlling

Question 42

What were the Hawthorne studies?

Answer 42

• 1927-1932 took place in Illinois
• Western Electric Hawthorne works
• Elton Mayo oversaw experiments
• Concerned with worker productivity
• Empirical research showed little support for studies

Question 43

What is human resources movement?

Answer 43

• Concerned with the total organizational climate
• Concerned with encouraging employee participation and dialogue
• Valued employee perceptions, worldview, and voice

Question 44

What is human relations perspective?

Answer 44

• Points to need for more focus on worker’s morale and working conditions
• Wanted workers to be treated as whole humans with the need for IP relationships
• Helped bring attention to employees but didn’t address the need for employees feedback and views to be expressed.

Question 45

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?

Answer 45

sought to consider the “whole man”. what a man can be, he must be. This we call self-actualization.