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Final- COMS 330 Flashcards

1
Q

What is decision making?

A

Making a judgement, choosing an option and making up your mind about something.

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2
Q

What is problem solving?

A

A more complex process in which groups analyze a problem and develop a plan of actions for solving the problem or reducing its harmful effects.

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3
Q

What is a majority vote?

A

Requires that more than half the members vote in favor of a proposal.

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4
Q

What is voting?

A

The easiest and most obvious way to make a group decision.

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5
Q

What is a two-thirds vote?

A

At least twice as many group members must vote for a propositional as vote against it.

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6
Q

What is a consensus vote?

A

A decision that all members have a part in shaping and that all find at least minimally acceptable as a means of accomplishing some mutual goal.

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7
Q

What is authority rule?

A

When a single person or executive group within or outside the group make the final decision.

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8
Q

What is a question of fact?

A

Whether something is true or false, did or didn’t happen, or caused this or that. YES or NO

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9
Q

What is a question of conjecture?

A

Whether something will or will not happen.

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10
Q

What is a question of value?

A

Whether something is worth-while: good/bad right/wrong moral/immoral best/average/worst

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11
Q

What is a question of policy?

A

Whether a specific course of action should be implemented to address a problem. What should we do about a particular problem?

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12
Q

Who is the rational decision maker?

A

Carefully weigh out all info and options before making a decision.

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13
Q

Who is the intuitive decision maker?

A

Make decisions based on instincts and feelings.

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14
Q

Who is the dependant decision maker?

A

Seek the advice and opinions of others before making a decision.

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15
Q

Who is the avoidant decision maker?

A

Feels uncomfortable making decisions.

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16
Q

Who is the spontaneous decision maker?

A

Impulsive and make quick decisions on the spur of the moment.

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17
Q

Two forms of problem-solving procedures?

A
  • Standard agenda

- Single question format

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18
Q

What are the seven steps of a standard agenda’s reflective thinking process?

A
  • Task clarification
  • Problem identification
  • Fact finding
  • Solution Criteria
  • Solution suggestions
  • Solution evaluation and selection
  • Solution implementation
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19
Q

What is task clarification?

A

a group makes sure that everyone understanding the task or assignment

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20
Q

What is problem identification?

A

The group should word the problem as an agreed upon question.

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21
Q

What is fact finding?

A

Group members have several obligations reflected in the questions of fact and value.

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22
Q

What should solution criteria reflect?

A

a realistic understanding of solution limitations.

23
Q

What is solution suggestions?

A

Group concentrates on suggesting as many solutions as possible.

24
Q

What is solution evaluation and selection?

A

Groups discuss the pros and cons of each suggestion in light of their agreed-upon solution criteria.

25
What is solution implementation?
How will the solution be implemented?
26
What are the 5 steps of single question format?
- Identify the problem - Create a collaborative setting - Analyze the issues - Identify possible solutions - Answer the single question
27
What is the single question format?
a seemingly simple problem-solving procedure that approximates the way successful problem solvers and decision makers naturally think
28
What is Identifying the problem in the single question format?
A single question which the group needs to know in order to accomplish its agrees-upon goal.
29
What is creating a collaborative setting in the single question format?
Group members agree on a set of norms by generating a list of "we will" statements designed to foster open discussion and participation.
30
What is analyzing the issue in the single question format?
Requires group to identify and analyze: - Issues should we address in order to answer single question? - Most reasonable response to each issue?
31
What is identifying the possible solutions in the single question format?
Group to suggest two or three reasonable solutions to the overall single question and to discuss the ads and disads of each solution.
32
What is answering the single question in the single question format?
The group selects the best solution to the problem based on a clear, shared understanding of all the relevant issues.
33
What is creativity?
- nonjudgmental process of seeking, separating, and connecting unrelated ideas and elements - combining these elements into new ideas
34
Four stages of creative problem solving process?
- Investigations - Imagination - Incubation - Insight
35
What is investigation in the creative problem solving process?
Group members gather info and attempt to understand the nature and cause of problems
36
What is imagination in the creative problem solving process?
Group members engage in free thinking by removing procedural and mental roadblocks.
37
What is incubation in the creative problem solving process?
Group allows a period of time in which imaginative ideas can percolate and recombine in a new way.
38
What is insight in the creative problem solving process?
The "AHA" moment that occurs and new approaches or solutions emerge. Build on or improve ideas.
39
What is brainstorming?
A technique for generating as many ideas as possible in a short period of time.
40
Two key principles of brainstorming?
- Deterring judgment improves the quality of input | - The quantity of ideas and output breeds qualtity
41
What is the nominal group technique? (NGT)
a way of maximizing participation in problem-solving and program-planning groups while minimizing some of the interpersonal problems associated with group interactions.
42
What is decreasing options technique? (DOT)
a decision-making tool that helps groups reduce and refine a large number of suggestions into a manageable number of ideas.
43
What are the four steps of the DOT method?
- Generate ideas - Post ideas - Sort ideas - Prioritize ideas
44
What is confirmation bias?
We often resist or dismiss info that doesn't mesh with our preconceived beliefs, and that it as valid and persuasive.
45
What is a meeting?
a scheduled gathering of group members for a structured discussion guided by a designated chairperson.
46
Who is a chair or a chair-person?
an appointed or elected member who conducts the meeting.
47
What are the three elements of a meeting?
- They are scheduled - Formal and highly structured/ informal and loosely structured - has a designated chairperson
48
What are the four types of meetings?
* information-giving meeting * information-getting meeting * instructional meeting * Problem-solving meeting
49
What is an information-giving meeting?
-Provides the chairperson or a member the opportunity to present important information to everyone else.
50
What is an information getting meeting?
-Provides an opportunity for members to provide reports or briefings to the chairperson and other members.
51
What is an instructional meeting?
-Provides members with training in a specific skill or knowledge area.
52
What is a problem-solving meeting?
Provides an opportunity for all members to participate in solving a problem and/or making a decision.
53
What is an agenda?
an outline of the items for discussion at a meeting.
54
What are types of disruptive behavior?
- Nonparticipants - Texters - Loudmouths - Interrupters - Whisperers - Latecomers and Early leavers

COMS (11 decks)

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