Crisis Com test #2 Flashcards
What is uncertainty?
The inability to determine the present or predict the future.
What is epistemological uncertainty?
The lack of knowledge we have following a crisis.
What is ontological uncertainty?
The future has little or no relationship with the past.
Who was Exxon’s CEO during the oil spill crisis, and in what year did it occur?
Lawrence Rawl, 1987
What must organizational members accept?
A crisis can start quickly and unexpectedly.
How should organizations not respond to crisis?
With routine solutions.
What is threat?
Perceptual.
How must crisis communicators communicate?
Early and often, regardless of whether they have critical info about the crisis.
Who are stakeholders?
Any groups of people internal or external to an organization who have a stake in the actions of the organizations.
What is communication ambiguity?
Multiple interpretations about the same event.
What should organizations not do purposely?
Heighten the ambiguity of a crisis to deceive or distract the public.
When is ambiguity ethical?
When it contributes to the complete understanding of an issue by posing alternative views that are based on complete and unbiased data that aim to inform
What is ambiguity unethical?
When it poses alternative interpretations using biased or incomplete information that aims to deceive
What does questions of evidence refer to?
the ambiguity created as a result of a complex legal battle of scientific debate concerning crisis evidence.
What are the three consistent questions?
Evidence, intent, and responsibility.
What do questions of evidence focus on?
How complexity breeds uncertainty and ambiguity because of multiple interpretations available in the data collection process.
What do questions of intent refer to?
Whether a crisis was an accident or the organization knowingly put everyone in danger.
What do questions of responsibility refer to?
The level and placement of blame that should be attributed to the organization for a crisis.
What must one be prepared to do in a crisis?
Defend your interpretation of the evidence surrounding the crisis.
What is difficult or impossible during a crisis?
Without good intentions prior to a crisis, recovery.