Oral Pathology Chapter 11 Flashcards
What is a rupture of a minor salivary gland duct likely caused by trauma called?
Mucocele
What is a mucocele in the floor of the mouth called?
Ranula
What is the process of removing the roof an intraoral lesion called?
Marsupialization
What is it called when an epithelial-lined cavity arises from salivary gland tissues and can appear blue?
Salivary duct cyst
What is it called when calcifications develop in the salivary duct?
Sialolith
Which gland is the place sialoliths occur the most often?
Submandibular gland
Which specific duct has troubles with Sialoths?
Wharton’s duct
Mumps, bacterial infections, Sjogren syndrome, sarcoidosis, radiation and allergies cause what salivary disease?
Sialadenitis
What is the scientific term for mumps?
Epidemic Parotitis
What are three complications from mumps?
- Epididymoorchitis, 2. Oophoritis and 3. Mastitis
What is a rare complication from general anesthesia that affects salivary glands?
Anesthesia mumps
What is a non-inflammatory asymptomatic salivary gland enlargement called?
Sialadenosis
What is it called when a minor gland, often on the soft or hard palate, forms and mimics a neoplasm?
Adenomatoid Hyperplasia of minor salivary glands
What is the name of local inflammatory destruction of salivary glands believed to be due to ischemia?
Necrotizing Sialometaplasia
What disease causes eversion of the lip, red dot duct orifices, “weeping” mucopurulent secretions and typically targets middle-aged to old males?
Cheilitis Glandularis
What is the name of the condition that causes excessive salivation, can be caused by local irritants (ill-fitting dentures, aphthous ulcers, etc.), GERD, Rabies, heavy-metal poisoning, lithium medications and some neurologic disorders?
Sialorrhea
What are three complications of xerostomia?
- Candidiasis, 2. Prone to cervical and root caries and 3. Alteration of tastes
What are two prescriptions to treat xerostomia?
- Pilocarpine and 2. Cevimeline
What is the autoimmune disease that targets women and Venus Williams and creates xerostomia?
Sjogren’s Syndrome
What is the biggest health risk with Sjogren’s Syndrome?
Increased risk for Lymphoma
What is probably the biggest threat when you see a growth in a salivary gland?
Salivary Neoplasms
What is the order of the odds of getting a salivary neoplasm (location)?
- Parotid gland (64-80%), 2. Minor gland (9-23%), 3. Submandibular and 4. Sublingual
Where is the most common location of minor salivary gland neoplasms?
Palate
What are the odds that a salivary neoplasm is benign/malignant for the Parotid gland?
70% benign, 30% malignant
What are the odds that a salivary neoplasm is benign/malignant for the Submandibular gland?
60% benign, 40% malignant
What are the odds that a salivary neoplasm is benign/malignant for the Sublingual gland?
30% benign, 70% malignant
For the following, is it more likely to be benign, malignant, or 50/50: Minor gland, Upper lip, lower lip, palate, tongue, cheek and retromolar pad?
Minor gland = 50/50, Upper lip = benign, lower lip = malignant, palate = 50/50, tongue = malignant, cheek = 50/50 and retromolar pad = malignant
What is the most common neoplasm?
Pleomorphic adenoma (benign)
What is the most common malignant neoplasm?
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
What are the four benign salivary neoplasms?
- Canalicular adenoma, 2. Pleomorphic adenoma, 3. Warthin tumor and 4. Onocytoma
What is a slow growing, painless mass with blue or normal color that is primarily (75%) found in the upper lip?
Canalicular adenoma
The major of parotid tumors and more than half of submandibular tumors are caused by what?
Pleomorphic Adenoma (benign)
What parotid tumor is highly correlated with smoking?
Warthin’s tumor
What is the second most common benign parotid gland neoplasm?
Warthin’s tumor
What are the five malignant Salivary Neoplasms?
- Mucoepidermoid carcinoma, 2. Acinic cell adenocarcinoma, 3. Adenoid cystic carcinoma, 4. Polymorphous low-grade adenocarcinoma and 5. Malignant mixed tumor
What is the most common malignant salivary tumor?
Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma
What is the most common salivary tumor in children?
Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma
What is the most common and second most common sites of a mucoepidermoid carcinoma?
- Parotid most common, 2. Minor glands second most common
Should a mucoepidermoid carcinoma have an intracystic component
+2
Should a mucoepidermoid carcinoma have neural invasion present, how many points does that equal?
+2
Should a mucoepidermoid carcinoma have necrosis present, how many points are assigned?
+3
Should a mucoepidermoid carcinoma have four or more mitoses per 10 HPF, how many points are assigned?
+3
Should a mucoepidermoid carcinoma have an anaplasia present, how many points are assigned?
+4
How many points are associated with a low grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma?
0-4
How many points are associated with a intermediate grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma?
5-6
How many points are associated with a High grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma?
7-14
What is the low-grade survivability of a mucoepidermoid carcinoma?
90-95%
What is the high-grade survivability of a mucoepidermoid carcinoma?
30-54%
Which has a better prognosis: parotid gland or submandibular gland tumors?
Parotid
What is it called when a mucoepidermoid carcinoma infiltrates bone?
Intraosseous Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
What causes Intraosseous mucoepidermoid carcinomas?
Ectopic salivary gland developmentally was entrapped within the jaw
What is the name of a low-grade malignant neoplasm showing serous acinar differentiation?
Acinic Cell Adenocarcinoma
What causes 50% of minor gland neoplasms, is the most common malignant submandibular gland tumor and has a tendency for perineural spread?
Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma
What is the name of the neoplasm that occurs almost exclusively in the minor glands and exhibits different growth patterns histologically?
Polymorphous Low-grade Adenocarcinoma
What type of malignant mixed tumor is most common in major glands, is the malignant transformation of the epithelial cells and represents a mass that has been present for many years but suddenly has rapid growth with pain or ulceration?
Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma
