Oral Hygiene Instruction

Question 1

what are the different types of electric toothbrushes?

Answer 1

• oscillating-rotary
• sonic
• ultrasonic
• ionic

Question 2

How often should you replace your manual toothbrush?

Answer 2

Every 2-3 months

Question 3

What is the purpose of a pyramidal shaped brush head?

Answer 3

To clean occlusal surfaces

Question 4

What is the purpose of a reverse pyramidal shaped toothbrush?

Answer 4

Clean orthodontic appliences

Question 5

What is the recommended fibre type in toothbrushes?

Answer 5

Rounded nylon fibres

Question 6

What are characteristics of the ideal toothbrush?

Answer 6

• multi-tufted
• equal length of bristles
• soft bristles (0.17mm diameter)

Question 7

What is modified Bass’s toothbrushing technique?

Answer 7

• toothbrush placed under 45* angle with bristle tips pointing towards the gingival sulcus
• slight pressure applied in a way which allows the bristles to enter the gingival sulcus and go slightly below the line
• bristles should make short and delicate back and forth movements with minimal displacement of the brush head
• 20-30 vibrations in one series, after each series the head of the brush makes an additional rotating-sweeping motion
• around 4-5 series for each teeth group with a 5 second break between each series to relieve pressure on the gums

Question 8

Which surfaces must be brushed?

Answer 8

Buccaneers, lingual, labial, palatal, occlusal

Question 9

What is Fone’s toothbrushing method for brushing deciduous teeth (and patients with reduced manual capacities)?

Answer 9

• toothbrush positioned perpendicular to teeth (90* angle) will bristles facing teeth
• slight pressure
• head of toothbrush makes round motions cleaning teeth from both dental arches at the same time
• 5 circular motions for each group
• palatal and lingual surfaces are cleaned in complete discussion, one dental arch at a time

Question 10

How should the oscillating-rotators toothbrushes be used?

Answer 10

One tooth at a time, all three surfaces, with toothbrush held at 90* angle to the surface with delicate pressure and a rocking method for 3 seconds per surface

Question 11

Is an electric or manual toothbrush better?

Answer 11

Electric as it is less technique sensitive

Question 12

What are the ingredients in toothpaste?

Answer 12

• fluoride (1250-1450 ppm in adults, 1000ppm for 6month old)
• abrasive and polishing substances

Question 13

What are examples of specific toothpastes which can be recommended to patients?

Answer 13

• caries specific
• hypersensitivity specific
• bactericidal
• bleaching
• anti-tartar

Question 14

What is the proper flossing technique?

Answer 14

• 30-35 cm dental floss
• roll up in non-dominant hand for control
• 4cm between index fingers
• insert floss into inter proximal space, perpendicular to a line formed by dental arch
• inserted delicately
• floss should slide through contact point
• puss floss to tooth, pull down towards sulcus
• for a c shape with floss against tooth
• still keeping contact with the tooth, pull the floss up and out the interdental space
• roll floss to clean section
• repeat in same interdental space but on other tooth surface

Question 15

When should the dentist be contacted (flossing)?

Answer 15

• difficulty inserting/removing flood
• shredding of floss when removing
• bleeding on flossing

Question 16

What is superfloss?

Answer 16

Used for patients with bridges/orthodontic appliances

Question 17

How are interdental brushed used?

Answer 17

• correct diameter brush chosen (by a professional)
• insert brush directly into interdental space (wire can be bent for easier access)
• back and forth movements (3-4 times)
• rise brush thoroughly and move onto next interdental space

Question 18

How long should an interdental brush last?

Answer 18

2 weeks

Question 19

Is an interdental brush or dental floss preferred?

Answer 19

?

Question 20

What are additional oral cleaning accessories?

Answer 20

• tongue scraper (gag reflex)
• single tufted toothbrush (orthodontic appliances)
• irrigators
• plaque disclosing products

Question 21

Describe oral rises?

Answer 21

• antimicrobial agents
• reduce microbial adhesion to the teeth by modification of the tooth surfaces or impaired expression of surface adhesions
• can be delivered by various vehicles (rinse, spray, gel etc.)

Question 22

What is chlorhexidine?

Answer 22

• not for everyday use
• most effective anti-plaque agent

Question 23

Oral hygiene tips for patient?

Answer 23

• talk
• instruct
• practise
• plan
• support

Question 24

Fluoride prophylaxis

Answer 24

bactericidal and bacteriostatic
strengthens the structure of the enamel - fluoroapatite
obliterates dentinal tubules - fight against hypersensitivity
inhibits the deposition of dental plaque (amine fluorides)

Question 25

BPE

Answer 25

Question 26

Which BPE scores indicate periodontitis?

Answer 26

3,4,*

Question 27

What is he normal recommended fluoride content in toothpaste?

Answer 27

1000 to 1500 ppmF

Question 28

What are the three types of mouth rinse?

Answer 28

• antiseptic
• plaque inhibiting
• preventative

Question 29

What is an example of an antiseptic mouth rinse?

Answer 29

Chlorhexidine

Question 30

What is an example of a plaque inhibiting mouth rinse?

Answer 30

Listerine (zero alcohol)

Question 31

What is an example of a preventative mouth rinse?

Answer 31

Colgate fluorigard (alcohol free)

Question 32

Should mouth rinse be used?

Answer 32

• rinsing after brushing isn’t recommended as it removes residual fluoride from the tooth surface
• chlorhexidine can stain the teeth with repeated daily use
• fluoride mouth rise is encouraged for daily use for high risk of caries

Question 33

What is the recommended oral hygiene advice for adults?

Answer 33

• brush twice a day for 2 minutes using the modified bass technique
• use either a manual or power toothbrush
• use medium texture brushes with a small head
• use fluoride toothpaste and spit don’t rinse

Question 34

How should oral hygiene advice be given?

Answer 34

• talk and educate
• instruct
• practise
• plan
• support with subsequent visits