dietary advice Flashcards
what are the important factors in caries control?
- plaque control
- use of fluoride
- dietary modification
what factors place the patient at high risk for caries?
- High sugar intake
- Inadequate brushing habits
- No fluoride exposure
- Irregular dental attendance
- Medically compromised
- Xerostomia
what investigations should be carried out in a patient revealing dental caries?
- diet analysis
- investigations on fluoride intake
- medical history
- oral hygiene practices
- bitewing radiographs
what are examples of studies which prove the relationship between caries and sugar?
- vipeholm study
- turku study
- stephan curve
which carbohydrates can cause caries?
- sucrose
- fructose
- glucose
- maltose
what does ‘no added sugars’ mean?
It means there are sugars already present even if none has been added.
describe the conclusion of the vipeholm study
- The consumption of sugary foods is associated with a higher caries incidence.
- Increasing the frequency of sugar intake also increases caries incidence.
- Lowering sugar intake reduces caries incidence.
*-Consumption of sticky sugar-containing between meal products can be associated with high
caries risk.
what does the stephan curve show?
what happens after the consumption of sugar in relation to dental caries (drop in pH > demineralisation)
- minutes after sucrose rinse against pH
what should a diet sheet include?
all the foods and drinks consumed, the amount (in readily estimated units) and the time of eating or drinking
what time period should a diet sheet be recorded over?
4 days, 2 working and 2 leisure
how should a diet sheet be analysed?
- ring main meals
- underline sugar intakes and acidic drinks in red
- identify in-between meal snacks
what must diet analysis advice be?
acceptable
practical
affordable
what are examples of dietary advice?
- reduce sugar filled snacks
- avoid adding sugar
- fruit drinks best at meal times
- save sweets for special time of week
- eat sweet things all at once
- drink plain milk/water between meals
- avoid food before bed
- dont drink or eat after night time brushing
how often should dietary advice be given?
at least once a year
what is extrinsic erosion?
caused by acid originating outside the body (for example in drinks)- generally the acid strength will be pH 2.5 or weaker
what is intrinsic erosion?
due to stomach acid reaching the teeth, with a pH of 1- this acid is typically 100 times stronger than in extrinsic erosion, and so much more destructive
what is titratable acitidy?
reflects the number of hydrogen ions available for erosive attack, rather than pH- more important indicator of erosive potential
what is the worst type of acid for erosion?
citric
give examples of dietary advice surrounding drinks
- drink quickly
- use a straw
How much sugar should be consumed per person per day?
50g/person/day- not exceed over 10% of energy intake
What does the Turku study compare?
The caries incidence with substitution of sucrose with xylitol
What are general dietary advice?
- balanced diet
- increase fruit and vegetables (5)
- increase starchy foods (bread, potato)
- decrease saturated fats
- decrease added sugars
- protein (meat, eggs)
- one portion of oily fish a week
What should be advised surrounding sugary drinks?
Drank at meal times
