endodontic diseases

Question 1

what is endodontics?

Answer 1

the study of the basic and clinical sciences of normal dental pulp, the aetiology ,diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases and injuries of the dental pulp along with associated peri radicular conditions

Question 2

what are examples of endodontic diseases?

Answer 2

• pulpal disease
• apical disease
• serious odontogenic infection

Question 3

what is the pulp?

Answer 3

unmineralized tissue composed of soft connective tissue, vascular, lymphatic and nervous elements that occupies the central pulp cavity of each tooth. It is soft tissue encased in hard tissue.

Question 4

what is (peri)apical periodontitis?

Answer 4

acute or chronic inflammatory lesion around the apex of a tooth root, which is caused by bacterial invasion of the pulp of the tooth

Question 5

what is tooth decay/dental caries?

Answer 5

• Destruction of dental hard tissue by acid produced by bacteria utilising dietary sugar and time
• Bacteria infect pulp and cause pulpal disease.

Question 6

what is a dental abscess?

Answer 6

A dental abscess is a build-up of pus in the teeth or gums caused by an infection.

Question 7

what is the result of inflamed pulp?

Answer 7

toothache

Question 8

what must be done if the pulpitis is irreversible?

Answer 8

root treatment or extraction

Question 9

what can be done for reversible pulpitits?

Answer 9

cover the tooth

Question 10

what can happen when the ligament is inflamed/apical periodontitis?

Answer 10

bone loss around apex

Question 11

what type of abscess forms quickly?

Answer 11

acute

Question 12

what type of abscess forms slowly?

Answer 12

chronic (sinus formation)

Question 13

what are warning signs of abscesses and cellulitis?

Answer 13

Malaise
Fever
Cellulitis
Lymphadenopathy
Progressive and persistent swelling

Question 14

what are intraoral features of dental abscesses?

Answer 14

• pain
• swelling
• erythema

Question 15

what are extraoral features of dental abscesses?

Answer 15

• fever
• swelling
• tenderness to palpation
• enlarged lymph nodes
• muscle spasms
• trismus
• hoarseness
• drooling

Question 16

how does a dental cyst arise?

Answer 16

Arises from cell rests of mallassez, in the periodontal ligament usually in response to inflammation after pulp death.

Question 17

what are other causes of pulp inflammation other than tooth decay?

Answer 17

• trauma
• periodontal disease
• latrogenic damage

Question 18

what is iatrogenic damage?

Answer 18

damage caused by medical treatment/preofessionals

Question 19

what are examples of endodontic disease treatments?

Answer 19

• Root canal treatment
• Root canal re treatment
• Peri radicular surgery
• Extraction
• Incision and drainage

Question 20

what is peri radicular treatment?

Answer 20

cutting off end of the root

Question 21

what are possible severe complications if abscesses are left untreated?

Answer 21

• pulmonarypleural
• retropharyngeal
• intracranialinfections

Question 22

what are common oral conditions mistaken for endodontic problems?

Answer 22

• Periodontal abscess
• Sinusitis
• TMJD
• Pericoronitis
• Acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis
• Oral ulceration
• Trauma

Question 23

What is a dental abscess?

Answer 23

A localised collection of pus that forms inside the teeth or gums, initiated by a bacterial infection