endodontic diseases Flashcards
what is endodontics?
the study of the basic and clinical sciences of normal dental pulp, the aetiology ,diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases and injuries of the dental pulp along with associated peri radicular conditions
what are examples of endodontic diseases?
- pulpal disease
- apical disease
- serious odontogenic infection
what is the pulp?
unmineralized tissue composed of soft connective tissue, vascular, lymphatic and nervous elements that occupies the central pulp cavity of each tooth. It is soft tissue encased in hard tissue.
what is (peri)apical periodontitis?
acute or chronic inflammatory lesion around the apex of a tooth root, which is caused by bacterial invasion of the pulp of the tooth
what is tooth decay/dental caries?
- Destruction of dental hard tissue by acid produced by bacteria utilising dietary sugar and time
- Bacteria infect pulp and cause pulpal disease.
what is a dental abscess?
A dental abscess is a build-up of pus in the teeth or gums caused by an infection.
what is the result of inflamed pulp?
toothache
what must be done if the pulpitis is irreversible?
root treatment or extraction
what can be done for reversible pulpitits?
cover the tooth
what can happen when the ligament is inflamed/apical periodontitis?
bone loss around apex
what type of abscess forms quickly?
acute
what type of abscess forms slowly?
chronic (sinus formation)
what are warning signs of abscesses and cellulitis?
Malaise
Fever
Cellulitis
Lymphadenopathy
Progressive and persistent swelling
what are intraoral features of dental abscesses?
- pain
- swelling
- erythema
what are extraoral features of dental abscesses?
- fever
- swelling
- tenderness to palpation
- enlarged lymph nodes
- muscle spasms
- trismus
- hoarseness
- drooling
how does a dental cyst arise?
Arises from cell rests of mallassez, in the periodontal ligament usually in response to inflammation after pulp death.
what are other causes of pulp inflammation other than tooth decay?
- trauma
- periodontal disease
- latrogenic damage
what is iatrogenic damage?
damage caused by medical treatment/preofessionals
what are examples of endodontic disease treatments?
- Root canal treatment
- Root canal re treatment
- Peri radicular surgery
- Extraction
- Incision and drainage
what is peri radicular treatment?
cutting off end of the root
what are possible severe complications if abscesses are left untreated?
- pulmonarypleural
- retropharyngeal
- intracranialinfections
what are common oral conditions mistaken for endodontic problems?
- Periodontal abscess
- Sinusitis
- TMJD
- Pericoronitis
- Acute necrotising ulcerative gingivitis
- Oral ulceration
- Trauma
What is a dental abscess?
A localised collection of pus that forms inside the teeth or gums, initiated by a bacterial infection
